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The Impact Of Social Media Technology On The Context Of...

5.3 Research Methodology In order to fulfil the objectives of this research, this research needs to be looked from certain frameworks, such as the journalism principles and cultural issues. The research would examine how these frameworks cover the use of social media technology in the practice of curation journalism. It would involve an excavation of qualitative data from informants within the research’s subjects, those are journalists of Kompas.com, Tempo.co and Viva.co.id, three online media in Indonesia. In relation to that, I include this study into a paradigm in the field of qualitative research. This option was taken under consideration the social benefits within this research, which I believe will enrich the information about the construction of meaning and culture shift in the context of curation journalism. Thomas A Schwandt (2000) examines three paradigm stances in qualitative research: interpretivism, hermeneutics and social constructionism. The interpretivists and the philosophers of hermeneutics argue that it is possible to understand human actions by directly grasping the subjective meaning of beliefs, desires and so on. Whereas, the social constructionists view that â€Å"all knowledge claims and their evaluation take place within a conceptual framework through which the world is described and explained† (Schwandt 2000: p. 191-197). Based on the explanation above, and considering the frameworks that mentioned earlier, it is envisaged that this study is laid within

4 Paragraph Essay on Woodrow Wilson free essay sample

In the year 1916 Wilson was re-elected and began his second term smoothly. On April 6th 1917 Wilson broke his promise and the U. S entered WW1 declaring war on Germany for sinking a U. S merchant ship killing 128 Americans. This was a very disturbing and disrespectful act towards the U. S. Woodrow Wilson promised the people of America that he would keep peoples sons out of war and that they would always be safe. He said that the U. S would remain neutral through all war related events throughout the time of his presidency. On April 6th 1917 the U. S entered war and was on the side of the allies Great Britain, France and Russia. The U. S entered the war on French territory with more than 2 million soldiers fighting on the battlefield. All soldiers were under the command of Major General John J. Pershing. More than 6 million people died in this war and more than 2 million innocent citizens died outside of the war. We will write a custom essay sample on 4 Paragraph Essay on Woodrow Wilson or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This was a very horrible time period for most of the world. When the U. S was still neutral peoples households were more complete with their son’s home. People were relieved to see their sons coming home every day with no worries. People knew that their son would come home safe and not come home badly wounded, traumatized or not even return at all. They also wouldn’t have to worry about losing their homes during a raid or big explosion. But when the U. S got into WW1 all of this changed dramatically. People got letters sent home about a death of a family member, people lost their home to both enemy and friendly soldiers, some lost their main income port to pay bills and get important needed household items. People also had to change their way of living so that the fighting soldiers could survive off of what they needed such as clothes food and other resources such as metal, rubber and glass. To help support this act Wilson established a new recycling system and conserved resources. Some of the things that were established are Meatless Mondays and Heatless Wednesdays. There were also days people couldn’t drive and could only purchase a certain amount of gas. Some people did not enjoy this very much. Wilson was an effective leader because he focused on diplomacy and financial considerations, leaving the waging of the war primarily in the hands of the military establishment. On the home front, he began the first effective draft in 1917, raised billions in war funding through Liberty Bonds, imposed an income tax, enacted the first federal drug prohibition, set up the War Industries Board, promoted labor union growth, supervised agriculture and food production through the Lever Act, took over control of the railroads, and suppressed anti-war movements. Wilson also had another effective event. National womens suffrage was achieved under Wilsons presidency, but this egalitarian success was offset by the Wilson administrations segregation of the federal government. This led to Wilson being one of the most known effective leaders in history.

Paranoid Schizophrenia free essay sample

Positive symptoms or overt behavior not normal in normal individuals include delusions (beliefs that are not reality based), hallucinations (visual and or auditory; sometimes weighted in the individual’s unique cultural experiences), and incongruent or illogical language (Kohn, n. d. ). Negative symptoms or absent behaviors associated with normal individuals include â€Å"flat† affect or mood, social isolation or withdrawal, and lack of spontaneity (Kohn, n. d. ). This disorder has four sub-types, all of which has its own prominent feature. The subtypes are Catatonic (marked by bizarre motor behavior), Paranoid (marked by a significant suspiciousness and a strong sense of persecution), Disorganized (fragmented or illogical speech), and Undifferentiated (having mixed or more than one symptom) (Kohn, n. d. ). 2. Briefly describe the client’s background. Valerie had a normal childhood and was good at work and school. She went to college and graduate school and got married. In Valerie’s late 20’s she began developing delusions of persecution, reference, and grandeur. We will write a custom essay sample on Paranoid Schizophrenia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because of these delusions Valerie’s husband and church pastor had her committed to a mental institution. Valerie was placed on different medications, and after more than eight years Valerie was able to accept her diagnosis of schizophrenia. Once she accepted the diagnosis doctors could stabilize her medications. Valerie is able to hold a steady job since she is medicated properly and has her symptoms under control. Valerie once had dreams of traveling and getting her PhD, but she is now content just going to work and going home (where she lives with her parents). She has no interest in being in an intimate relationship (Kohn, n. d. ). 3. Describe any factors in the client’s background that might predispose him or her to the disorder. Predisposition can be attributed to the Diathesis-Stress Model (Kohn, n. d. ). This model states that genetics, biology, and stress can be determining causal factors. Valarie and her family relocated numerous times before she began college. She described herself as a social outcast. She grew up in the church as her parents were teachers in the church; therefore her core was church and religion based. Valerie stated that when she and her husband married, her husband made two distinct agreements with her that he did not uphold. The agreements were to have children and to relocate. These disregarded agreements appeared to be significant stressors for her (Kohn, n. d. ). In the interview, Valarie reported she was the only family member with mental health issues; therefore no genetic causal factor was noted. She stated her delusions and hallucinations associated with religion. Delusions and hallucinations are often associated with an individual’s culture. Citing she was a social outcast is a symptom of abnormal behavior that impairs social and emotional functioning. She reports the onset of Schizophrenia with delusions at age 28 during a time when her marriage was unstable (broken agreements) and she was unhappy (Kohn, n. . ). These stressors are causal factors in the onset or erupting of the disorder. Observations 1. Describe symptoms that you observed that support the diagnosis of the individual. When Valerie spoke of her memories and the occurrences that she experienced they supported the diagnosis, although at the time of the interview she showed no re adily apparent indications of paranoid schizophrenia. Valerie spoke of the delusions that she experienced in her late twenties where she believed that people were plotting against her and that she was a martyr for her church and her beliefs (Kohn, n. . ). When she was institutionalized, she believed that she was actually imprisoned and that her captors were going to experiment on her. She described how terrified she was the time she thought that people in the hospital were going to surgically remove her breasts. She was connected to the church and believed that people were infiltrating the church and trying to destroy it; making matters worse, when she expressed this fear to her husband and the church leader, she was taken to a Catholic hospital to be institutionalized which only affirmed her fears of the Catholics (Kohn, n. . ). She thought the medicine that she was being given was in the hospital was actually poison and that the hospital personnel would kill her in her sleep or th at the medication would kill her while she was sleeping. On one occasion she tried to smother her roommate in the hospital with a pillow (Kohn, n. d. ). 4. Describe symptoms or observations that are inconsistent of the disorder. Valerie seemed very functional and articulate, and did not present as being disconnected from reality. She was clearly able to meet the ordinary demands of life. Her thoughts, moods, and perceptions did not seem distorted; she was not illogical or incoherent in her ability to communicate. Valerie was likeable and animated. She had specific recall about experiences that she enjoyed, especially when she described the enjoyment she experienced when she studied abroad. She expressed her happiness in finishing graduate school before becoming mentally ill (Kohn, n. d. ). She seemed to have a clear understanding of her disorder and was able to employ coping strategies, function in society, help others, and hold a job. She expressed her frustration with the doctor’s disregarding her complaints about the medication, and felt she was not treated with a high degree of respect and did not like not having any privacy (Kohn, n. d. ). She seemed very connected to reality and to her memories; she was able to provide insight to her background in a matter of fact manner that was very descriptive. Although she stated that she is mentally ill, she did not present herself as mentally ill. Valerie did not typify one’s expectations of a paranoid schizophrenic although her references to her past affirmed the correct diagnosis. . Describe any information you observed about the development of the disorder. She started to have some gradual changes that led in to the diagnosis of Schizophrenia. At the onset of her disorder she started to believe that there were individuals that were starting to infiltrate the church and try to take over. She told her husband who went to the church leader at the time whic h was a priest and they both concluded to get her admitted to the psychiatric unit for some help, this was her first admission. When this first incident started to occur, she had a strained marriage and was around the age of 29. Her marriage was strained because her husband who earlier in the relationship had agreed to moving from Southern California and to having children after she was done her Graduated School decided that he did not want to follow his agreement. This was a devastating event to her and is what started the downward trend in her in her mental health. She feels that the stress of the strained marriage is what brought out her diagnosis of Schizophrenia. While on the psychiatric ward she had fears that the staff there were out to kill her, and she felt the medicine they were giving her was poison, and that she was caught trying to smother her roommate. She had hallucinations while in the psychiatric admission, that the staff there were going to do a surgery to remove her breast, and the medications would put her in such a deep sleep that this procedure could be done without her knowing. She has had auditory hallucinations, and also she had visual hallucinations with this disorder. While off her medications since she believed she did not have a mental illness she started to have delusional thoughts. While she was not taking her medications she had delusional thoughts that the cars in the United States were on a computer systems and if she did not drive for hours upon hours people in her family would die. Throughout the interview you can see she has had very delusional thoughts over the years that she has had been diagnosed. She has also had the two types of positive symptoms of delusions and hallucinations. She also described that she felt that she was going to be persecuted for many different reasons throughout her years of diagnosis which can be described as Paranoid Sub-type. Therapeutic Intervention 1. In your opinion, what are the appropriate short-term goals for this intervention? Paranoid schizophrenia is a chronic condition that requires lifelong treatment, even during periods when you feel better and your symptoms have lifted. You may feel as if you dont need treatment, and you may be tempted to ignore treatment recommendations. In my opinion, the appropriate short term goals would be for Valerie to continue taking the drug Haldol. Valerie has had great success with taking this drug she has taken it for several years and it has managed her symptoms. If at some point her medication stops working she can have her dosage increased. 2. In your opinion, what are the appropriate long-term goals for this intervention? In my opinion, the appropriate long term goal for Valerie would be psychotherapy. Valerie would benefit from the emerging techniques in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy with a skilled mental health provider can help Valerie learn ways to cope with the distress and daily life challenges brought on by paranoid schizophrenia. Cognitive therapy will help Valerie overcome her attention difficulties. The social skills training and the milieu therapy can teach her more socially acceptable behaviors. In turn these skills should allow her to keep stress levels down thereby reduce her risk of a relapse. 1. Which therapeutic strategy seems most appropriate in this case? Why? Based on the case study patient Valerie there were some significant factors that helped her to achieve success in her battles with schizophrenia. The first step was her acceptance of her disorder. Once she realized that she did have a mental illness she began to take steps to help in her recovery process. She then coupled herself with the best provider she could. This provider committed himself to gradually walking her through the process. Instead of starting her on heavy doses of psychotherapeutic drugs, he started her on a lower dose with gradually increases to reduce her symptoms and decrease side effects. Because of the gradual process Valerie was able to start taking interest in fulfilling activities in her life such as working, and having a social life. 6. Which therapeutic modality seems most appropriate in this case? Why? Patients who suffer from schizophrenia no longer need to live their life in an asylum being subject to electro-shock treatments, or lobotomies. There has been a significant amount of success with the use of neuroleptic drugs. Thorozine, Haldol, Prolixin drastically minimize the effects of schizophrenia. These drugs alter the dopamine neurons. These are neurons that directly impact mood, thoughts, and feelings. The use of these drugs can also reduce psychiatric symptoms and assists patients with the ability to lead normal and active lives. However, there can be side effects such as: uncontrollable shaking, muscle tightening, or involuntary eye movement. These side effects can exist in 20%-40% of patients and can be permanent. Another important technique is psychotherapy. These techniques include: cognitive therapy, social skills training, and milieu training. Overall, 30% of patients treated significantly recover and avoid reoccurrence for many years. Kohn, A. (n. d. ). Paranoid Schizophrenia. Retrieved March 22, 2012, from Faces of Abnormal Psychology: Interactive: http://www. mhhe. com/socscience/psychology/faces/bigvid. swf

A day without a mexican essays

A day without a mexican essays Watching the movie , A Day Without a Mexican, made me realize that not only can we live without Mexicans in our lives, but probably every single human being of different race. God created all of us and we were brought to this Earth for a specific purpose, job, and/or task in life. Just like unique individuals, we have people of different race who were brought to do their own tasks on Earth. Im sure without different people; the world would be bland if we all looked the same. The world would also be empty without those who fill up the spaces in our lives. These are the people who work their equal share of labor to make our world revolve. People of the same race also have their own unique individual characteristics. Some stay true to their roots and some adapt to the environment that they have to be in. Like me, I am a Filipino but I was born and raised in Guam which is a U.S. territory. I was friends with more Chamorros (natives of Guam) and white people than I was with Filipinos. I pretty much grew up with both cultures. When I moved here to the mainland for almost three years already, I definitely changed and adapted to the environment and became more Americanized and what my friends call white washed. This refers to liking their music, people (males), lifestyle, clothing, etc. I like the American culture but I will never forget the culture that I mostly grew up with, the Guam culture. I also will definitely not forget my own culture as well. This example of mine is similar to some of the people in the movie, like the anchor woman who wasnt after all a Mexican. In her heart though, she was, because she g rew up as a Mexican and an American. Other characters in the story had interracial relationships which I believe is not bad at all considering I am more interested in the opposite sex out of my race. This shows that we are all divided but united ...

Here is How to Make Edible Glitter

Here is How to Make Edible Glitter Make your own edible glitter. Its easy and inexpensive and much safer for kids or to put on your face. Edible Glitter Ingredients 1/4 cup sugar1/2 teaspoon liquid food coloring You can use granulated white sugar or any of the crystalline sugars. Avoid brown sugar (too moist) and powdered sugar (not sparkly). Use liquid food coloring because paste coloring is more difficult to mix and may discolor when baked. Mix together the sugar and food coloring.Bake the colored sugar in a 350 F oven for 10 minutes.Store the sugar glitter in a sealed container, to protect it from moisture. Non-Toxic Glitter Recipe 1/4 cup salt1/2 teaspoon liquid food coloring Mix together the salt and food coloring.Bake the colored salt on a baking sheet at 350 F for 10 minutes.Allow the glitter to cool. Store the glitter in a sealed bag or container. You can mix either type of glitter with corn syrup or non-toxic glue for craft projects or stick it to your skin. It also sticks fairly well onto petroleum jelly for use on your lips. Because petroleum jelly is oil-based, it wont dissolve the sugar.

2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami - Essay Example TOver the years the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and the Tsunami has been named in different ways. Due to the Tsunami South Asian countries were deeply affected and that is why it is also known as South Asian tsunami. It is very important to know the reasons behind this mammoth natural calamity. The earthquake and the Tsunami took place because two Tectonic Plates sub ducted with each other. In more precise way, India Plate sub ducted with Burma Plate. This subduction caused a cascading effect of destructive Tsunami. Those Tsunamis shattered the countries bordering with the Indian Ocean. Lives of the coastal communities were significantly hampered by the gigantic tides. Tides were as high as 30mtrs and inundated different coastal belts of several South Asian countries. Indonesia was the worst hit country because epicentre was nearby the Sumatra only. According to the seismographic readings, it was the 3rd largest earthquake. The severity of the earthquake was backed up by the duratio n of its tremor. The quake continued for almost 10 minutes. The hypocenter of the quake was located almost 160 KM far from the western part of the Sumatra. The magnitude of the earthquake was so severe that the tremor was felt simultaneously in different countries like India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Singapore and Thailand. According to the findings of different researches, collision of Tectonic Plates removed enormous amount of water and created significantly powerful shock waves in the various direction which caused this catastrophic disaster.  

Braving the Economic Slowdown Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Braving the Economic Slowdown - Essay Example Threats to the company must be identified and the major challenges must be addressed in order to secure the future and continual operation of the company. The cash flows of the company must be properly monitored and strategies must be formulated in order to avoid long maturing investments as these are the ones which carry very large risks for failure. The top management and leadership of the company must be quick and decisive in order to allow the implementation of changes to be successful. This paper presents what strategies needs to be implemented for the year in order for the company to achieve better competency and survival while also maintaining and ensuring the future of the company Braving the Economic Slowdown: Analysis and Strategy Development Introduction In light with the global business crisis and the reduced economic activities, the company needs to tread carefully on the ventures and strategies for its operational aspects. Times like these call for more precise decision making and planning so as not to waste even more precious resources and advantages, lest the company fail like many others in this recession. But in order to have a better grasp of the situation, we must first delve into understanding the nature of such crisis in order to determine and identify the threats and major challenges that the company is and will be facing. Therefore, the background of the crisis and the global entities and sectors that are most vulnerable should also be recognized. Limiting factors and hindrances should also be put into

TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY - Essay Example In this way, science is a unique human endeavor that does not compare to other issues like social concerns (Volti 7). According to Volti, other human efforts do not have this unique progressive characteristic that sets science aside. For instance, the works of Shakespeare, and the concept of the Bible is a great achievement that human beings value. However, when it comes to technology and science, the old computers are not valuable anymore but rather a new progress is more exciting. Dependency on technology is an old practice for the human race which makes it a cultural element. This is because technology is a creative sensation of intangible investigation that has the power to free humans’ attachment to precise models and principles in a bid to generate more fitting cultural practices. It is the way of life for the human kind with the potential to develop into something more acceptable and appealing (Volti 7). Technology and science signifies the human vision of continual development that is valuable. For instance, in some countries technology has grown but other human efforts like equality are lacking. It is evident that Nazi regime developed the most unique cars like Mercedes but killed millions of Jews and other groups (Volti 7). The scientific understanding that generated â€Å"technology†, â€Å"progress† and â€Å"rationality† is closely related. It is evident from various scholars that technology growth is what has signified progress since the olden days. Technology has modeled how human beings view the world through the realization that progress is part and parcel of life. It is through the understanding of this belief that rationality is born in regards to technology. In a scientifically advanced society, problems are analyzed in a logical manner and solutions to these problems are possible. For instance, it is rationality that leads human beings to see severe weather as a pattern

Video Game Advertising Today Media Essay

Video Game Advertising Today Media Essay Video games are a fast growing source of entertainment for people of all ages. Every person can find a video game that he or she is interested in, because of this, advertising in video games has become a necessity for marketing companies. They have the resources and the money to pay companies like Massive to feature their ad in a video game. Using this method, every person that plays that game will see that advertisement. There are two main ways to advertise in a video game, static in-game advertising, or dynamic in-game advertising. Dynamic in-game advertising is more efficient and effective. Therefore, dynamic in-game advertising is more effective than static in-game advertising. In-game advertising is the advertising of ads in computer and video games. According to JJ Richards from the Microsoft Corporation Research in North America indicates that in-game advertising is highly successful for brands (Par 8). In the game industry, in-game advertising is used to even out the cost for making the game. For advertisers however, in-game advertising offers an opportunity to target the 18-34 male age group who spend more time playing video games then they do watching television. If the advertisers can get this age group and more to look at their ads, it will give them more money. This means that video game advertising is effective for advertisers. There are two types of advertising in video games, static in-game advertising and dynamic in-game advertising. Static in-game advertising is a method of advertising that allows marketers to place their ad in a video game, but they cannot change the ad, or remove it from the game. Although, this method lets all the gamers see their ad, it has been permanently coded into the game. Therefore, if the ad goes out of date, or the product is no longer sold, the advertisement will still remain in that video game. This is a major disadvantage if, the marketers are having an event with a certain product, and the event only lasts till a certain date. Therefore, if the marketers wanted to pay for static advertising in a video game, that advertisement would have to be a logo of a product that would not change, and would always remain up to date. Also, if the advertisers wanted to track which players were looking at the ad, and for how long, Static in-game advertising would be ineffective. Ed Bart lett from imediaconnection writes, It is currently impossible to accurately track ad viewing metrics, or to update or switch off campaigns (Par 10). This proves that the modifications that can be made with dynamic in-game advertising make it more effective. Dynamic advertising is a much smarter and efficient method of in-game advertising. Instead of the permanent form of static in-game advertising, dynamic advertising works with an internet connection. Most games today, allow for the player to play online. Because of this, dynamic advertising was made, and used in many of the next generation console games. Michael Goodman, Yankee Groups director for digital entertainment said, When I play the game today, I see one ad, and when I play the game three weeks from now, there are completely different ads in the game ( Par 15).Not only does the player notice the ads, it helps with the feeling of the game. Advertisements change in the real world, so changing up the scenery in the game world will make it feel more realistic. Now that technology has developed further to enable online play, marketers and advertisers can use it to their advantage. It allows marketers to change their advertisements whenever the need, or want to. A company spokespers on from Sony explains that Online games mean greater flexibility for advertisers as to when, where and how long to advertise (Par 2). This means that the advertisers will have more control over their advertisements. This in turn makes dynamic in-game advertising even more effective. Because dynamic advertising is online, now advertisers can know how long a player looks at their ad, and from what angle. The in-game key metrics available to advertisers are, impressions, time of exposure, day part and geography. This means that the advertisers can get statistics on how well their ad played in the video game, and use the information to their advantage. Advertisers can put food, or drink advertisements into a video game to target an audience. Although the player doesnt yearn for the food or beverage, their impulses tell them to go out and buy the product. This is a clever strategy advertisers use to get to the audience. The only disadvantage of dynamic in-game advertising is that a lot of games can be played offline as well. Because of this, players can play offline and avoid the advertisements, and the advertisers will not get the research they need. Even though advertisers have the freedom to put any ad into a video game, they still have to think about the audience. If the advertisers want their ad to be in a game, it has to make the player feel as though he or she really is in the game. An article from the Economist Newspaper states, Billboards look wrong in a fantasy adventure, but they make sports  games, or those set in modern times, seem more realistic (73). This takes away from the gaming experience for the player. Advertisers have to be smart and actually put brand logos in the game that are relevant to the game. This not only pleases the player, it pleases the game industry to know that this ad helped players get fully engrossed in their game. Since the development of dynamic in-game advertising, static in-game advertising has not been used as much. The video game industry has been relying on mainly dynamic in-game advertising, because it is more effective. Dynamic in-game advertising works, and because of that, static in-game advertising will most likely never be used again. Dynamic in-game advertising has more potential, because advertisements are not the only thing that they can change. An article in the Economist Newspaper says, As well as appealing to mobile phones and clothes, it also has huge potential for promoting films, another possibility is to update the music in  games  too, and promote new singles (73). This means that advertisements are not the only things that can be changed using dynamic in-game advertising. This opens a door to endless possibilities that dynamic in-game advertising can do. So, not only is dynamic in-game advertising effective when it comes to advertisements, it is effective when it co mes to other products as well. All of this research proves that dynamic in-game advertising is more effective than static in-game advertising. With technology today, static in-game advertising is obsolete. Which means, dynamic in-game advertising is more effective that static in-game advertising.

KingJewels: Ethical Leadership Practice Essay

1. Discuss how the leadership style may have contributed to unethical behavior. When the company was first founded by Andy Wong it was ran using a hands-on leadership style. He believed a good vision and direction were critical leadership qualities. He always said â€Å"you do not achieve commitment to, or an understanding of, a company’s vision and mission without actively pursuing and practicing it at every opportunity.† However, when he began spending most of his time travelling to the US and Canada and taking care of business development and marketing he put Clement Tam in charge of operations [ (KingJewels: Ethical Leadership Practice, 2010) ]. Tam’s primary responsibility was worldwide gem sourcing. Tam, however, looking at their bonuses began accepting lower-quality gemstones and continuing to sell them at the normal price. He was also using businesses owned by his uncle, Peter Tam, and was receiving attractive rebates for ordering from them. Johnathan Ho, the head of production and authentication used a dictatorial leadership style. He often made decisions without consulting his colleagues. He allowed the lower-quality gemstones to be used in manufacturing the jewelry. By Wong leaving Tam almost overseeing the whole company and not keeping better checks on him this allowed Tam to engage in unethical behavior. 2. Discuss how the proper segregation of duties could have prevented Tam from fraudulently sourcing the gems. Tam was Operations Director and in charge of Gem Sourcing. This would allow him to fraudulently source the gems because he had to sign off on them anyway. He should not have been allowed to hold both positions in the business, especially when one was over the other. Also his sister, Tam Wai Man, was in charge of Finance. 3. Discuss how the company’s compensation plan contributed to the deceptive behavior. The company’s annual bonuses are tied to the growth target. If the growth target is not met the employees do not receive their bonuses. Tam thought that by buying a lower-quality gemstone at a cheaper price and then selling it as a high-quality gemstone at the normal price that he could ensure that the company met their projected growth target, therefore receiving their bonuses. 4. Discuss how culture may have influenced the employee’s attitude towards exposing Tam. Even if the employees were not involved, most of them would be afraid to express their opinions or to question unethical and potentially illegal business practices. Furthermore, such practices were common and went unquestioned in China. Employees were handsomely rewarded for their job efforts and it was of no interest to them to report such incidents that could jeopardize the job stability [ (KingJewels: Ethical Leadership Practice, 2010) ]. 5. How would you recommend Wai Man proceed?  According to HKICPA a professional accountant should not be associated with reports, returns, communications, or other information where they believe that the information: a) contains a materially false or misleading statement, b) contains statements or information furnished recklessly, or c) omits or obscures information required to be included where such omission or obscurity would be misleading [ (Chan, 2004) ]. According to section 100.17: When initiating either a formal or informal conflict resolution process, a professional accountant should consider the following, either individually or together with others, as part of the resolution process: a) relevant facts, b) ethical issues involved, c) fundamental principles related to the matter in question, d) established internal procedures, and e) alternative courses of action. Having considered all these issues, a professional accountant should determine the appropriate course of action that is consistent with the fundamental principles identified. The professional accountant should also weight the consequences of each possible course of action [ (Chan, 2004) ]. According to section 120.1: The principle of objectivity imposes an obligation on all professional accountants not to compromise their professional or business judgment because of bias, conflict of interest or the undue influence of others. Section 120.2 states that a professional accountant may be exposed to situations that may impair objectivity. It is impracticable to define and prescribe all such situations. Relationships that bias or unduly influence the professional judgment of the professional accountant should be avoided [ (Chan, 2004) ]. According to section 140.2: A professional accountant should maintain confidentiality even in a social environment. The professional accountant should be alert to the possibility of inadvertent disclosure, particularly in circumstances involving long association with a business associate or a close or immediate family member [ (Chan, 2004) ]. According to section 150.1: The principle of professional behavior imposes an obligation on professional accountants to comply with relevant laws and regulations and avoid any action that may bring discredit to the profession. This includes actions which a reasonable and informed third party, having knowledge of all relevant information, would conclude negatively affects the good reputation of the profession [ (Chan, 2004) ]. According to section 310.1: A professional accountant in business should support the legitimate and ethical objectives established by the employer and the rules and procedures drawn up in support of those objectives [ (Chan, 2004) ]. After reviewing the HKICPA Codes of Ethic for Professional Accountants Wai Man should prepare a report containing all the information that she has found and go to Wong with it. She should be prepared for her brother to be properly punished for what he did while understanding that she could also be punished for not saying anything when it first came to her attention. She should suggest that Wong not leave Tam in charge of operations since that places him as her supervisor. She should also suggest that Wong employee an internal control group that would help prevent something like this from happening again. If Wong does not agree or is unwilling to do anything about the issue at hand Wai Man, as a professional accountant, should resign from her position with the company.

Deming’s 14 Points

One of Deming’s points was pertinent to leadership. He felt that the aim of supervision should be to help people and machines and gadgets to do a better job. Supervision of management is in need of an overhaul, as well as supervision of production workers. (Cohen, 2008) Leadership influences people in order to achieve the set target. It defines what the future should look like, aligns people with that vision and inspires people to attain that vision despite of any hurdles (Hughes, 2006). Leadership is the art of helping unproductive workers and machinery to be productive, organizations is full of inefficient workers and equipments and it is the duty of the leader to make proficient use of these resources. A good leader aims to remove the barriers in the organization so that improvement can take place not only in the workers but also in the processes and procedures. In order for the leader to center his attention to the quality of the system he needs to know the system, the leader has to be updated and knowing of all that goes in the workplace. Deming also made it clear that supervisors should not act as managers rather leaders, he felt that this was essential if they wanted to attain the quality standards. Leaders are coaches, it is their jobs to develop and enforce rules in the company. Deming felt that supervisors and managers should be replaced by leaders as these people are more proactive. One might think that the supervisors are likewise to leaders but this is a misconception. Supervision is to oversee people under you while they are performing whereas leadership is to inspire people under you to get the assigned work done. Austenfeld, 2001) Deming’s was of the opinion that it is the duty of the manager to be a leader; he has to motivate the employees and make them more focused on meeting the quality needs of the company. Many people are of the opinion that a leadership skill in a quality that is in-built in a person but this is not entirely true this can also be developed through continuous learning process. I f a person is getting work down via his power to dictate terms then that doesn’t make that person a leader. A leader is a person who empowers the people under him to make the decisions affecting them . A good leader combines emotional intelligence with the courage to raise tough questions, challenge people’s assumptions about strategy and operations and risk losing their goodwill, i. e. he does not care about pleasing individuals but rather believes in the greater good of the company. Great CEOs are in fact superb leaders and hence organization should focus on retaining their assets within the organization. As that will be beneficial for the business and provide it with competitive advantage as well. Its very common that people who are actually working would have better knowledge about the task being performed and can take better and more appropriate decisions when required compared to the higher authority therefore the goal of leadership is to empower employees so that they become motivated and work more effectively than before as they are being trusted and encouraged by their bosses to make improvements in the system. Today management of people is not done the way it was done before. Employees need motivation else it will affect organization’s performance. The only object which is constant is change and organizations need to make changes in the system all the time and it is the job of the leaders to implement the change effectively that it won’t be considered as a threat to the employees and that they would accept it rather than resisting it. By applying this point of Deming we will have those leaders in the organization that don’t force people to conform to their opinions. A new system based on equity and justice would be established and the employees will not commit fraud. If the organization has dynamic leaders then the employees won’t have to use under the table approaches to meet targets as a leader doesn’t focus on quantitative goals rather qualitative ones. The ethical dimension of leadership is based on establishing an example for the people under them by performing ethical behavior, by doing this they will help strengthen the moral behavior of the workers. If this isn’t done then it will lead to the deterioration of the organization. An ethical leader should have pride, patience, persistence and perspective in order to be a role model. Leadership can be dangerous when the leader is so much involved in achieving the vision that he overlooks internal and external signals that highlight that the vision is not appropriate. Leadership is about inspiring people but if not done ethically then it’s not good as it will create negative perception and will in the end affect the organization (Hughes, 2006). By instituting the element of leadership effectively we see the creation of sound ethical leaders, they have a lot of power with them but because of their high sense of distinction between right and wrong they don’t misuse their authority. This point made by Deming expresses the need for a leader to apply the ethical behavior model to them that includes moral sensitivity, moral judgment and moral motivation. So when a leader examines the consequences of ones action and then performing the best possible course of action and together with this he also inspires employees to be ethical in their approach. By working in this manner the leader is being ethical. If leaders are ethical in their conduct then they could do wonders for the company. The customers of today competitive environment associate great worth to companies that are ethical and to institute this sort of environment in the company we need the presence of moral leaders. This point of Deming urges to replace supervisors with leaders as they are more proactive and charismatic. But this can also lead to some ethical dilemmas, the leader is now the person who has authority, he is the one who is making the system but what if he isn’t being fair? What if the leader isn’t living up to the expectation and is rather engaging in fraudulent activities? In this case the benefits of Deming’s theory can’t be reaped. At times it is seen that the employees take advantage of the leader, they know that he will not severely punish them and keeping this in mind they start slacking and don’t consider the consequences of their actions on the company. Unethical charismatic leaders produce dependent followers though it’s wrong as mentioned before that the goal of leadership is to empower workers in order to increase their effectiveness. Unethical leaders use their power for their personal benefit. They misuse the organizational resources for their own well being. Leader sometimes deviate from the strategic focus and start relaxing after getting success from past performance. Leader should be rewarded or punished based on the behavior, if they are being unethical then they should be punished as they have a great impact on the employees and if they are corrupt then there is no stopping the workers under them to be unethical. References Austenfeld, Robert B. (2001, May,10). W. Edwards Deming: The Story of. W. Edwards Deming: The Story of, Retrieved 2008, October, 21, from http://www.iqfnet.org/Ff4203.pdf Cohen, Phil (2008). Deming's 14 points. Retrieved October 21, 2008, from Deming's 14 points Web site: http://www.hci.com.au/hcisite2/articles/deming.htm Hughes, M. (2006).Change Management,A Critical Perspective. C/PD House 151 The Broadway,Wimbledon London,SW1915Q: The Chartered Institute Of   Personell And Development.   

Essay on Technology and Education

Essay on Technology and Education Essay on Technology and Education Essay on Technology and EducationIn actuality, the ability of professionals to use modern technologies effectively is one of the major conditions of their successful professional development and their progress as professionals. At the same time, students graduating and obtaining their degree do not always come prepared to use existing technologies because their knowledge and experience of using technology becomes out-of-date, when they graduate:In a world where technologies change daily and graduates armed with four-year degrees are entering the workforce in record numbers, there is an increasing fear among the Net Generation that a four-year degree will be neither relevant nor sufficient preparation when it becomes time to enter the work force (Oblinger Oblinger, 2005, p.58).Therefore, students should graduate being able not only to use modern technologies but also being able to learn how to use new technologies. More important, students should be able to learn how to use new techn ologies independently of educators, while their professional development should last throughout their professional career since the life long education becomes an essential condition of the successful career and professional development of employees in the modern world.However, teaching students to learn how to use new technologies without the assistance of educators is a very challenging process since some educators just underestimate the significance of the technology for students’ professional development, others are just unable to teach students to learn new technologies independently of them, while some educators are just skeptical about the role of technology in the professional development of students. Therefore, the development of new technologies and their introduction in education often confronts the resistance from the part of educators (Strauss, 2005). The resistance of educators to the wide introduction of technologies may be determined by multiple factors but th e problem is that the lack of technologies used in the course of the education of students creates the problem of the under-use of technology in the course of self-learning, when students graduate and start their career. In other words, they are just unaware of the potential, which the technology can open for their education.At the same time, Quick and Davies (1999) believe that the wide introduction of technologies and their integration into the instruction process can help to improve the quality of education and facilitate the delivery of instructions from educators to students and encourage students to learn autonomously and independent of educators. In other words, the researchers (Quick and Davies, 1999) believe that technologies can help students to gain the autonomy and independence of educators because they will not be attached to educators as the only source of instructions anymore. Instead, they will be able to use technologies to learn as well as they will know how to lea rn to be able to use new technologies. In such a way, educators should help students to learn how to use the full potential of technologies and how to learn to use new technologies after graduation.Thus, today, the use of technologies in education is crucial for the overall success of the learning process. Even though many educators underestimate the role of technologies and cannot use their full potential in the education of students, technologies open the way for the autonomous and independent learning of students, especially after their graduation.

Change Management Definition and Its Principles

Change Management Definition and Its Principles Introduction In one way or another all organizations whether big or small will eventually undergo some form of change, whether it comes in the form of changes to organizational leadership, changes to processes due to market influences or simply changes in the way the company addresses interoffice communication, the fact remains that in one way or another change is inevitable and as such it is important to establish methods of managing change so as to ensure a smooth transition from one method of doing things to another (Schraeder Jordan, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Change Management Definition and Its Principles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More 3 Principles to Remember when Managing Change For this particular exercise I chose the following principles of change due to the way in which they reflect my own personal thoughts on what is necessary to manage change effectively: To change the individual, change the system People fear change it happens to them. A clearly defined vision of the end result enables all the people to define the most efficient path for accomplishing the results For me these particular principles speak volumes of what is needed in managing change and as such I will attempt give you the reader a short overview of why I believe this are so and will try to convince you of the accuracy of my choice. First and foremost the principle of changing the system in order change the individual is derived from my own belief that in one way or another people tend to conform their mannerisms to the way a particular organizational structure works. Though it may not be immediately apparent facets such as work culture and internal company rules and regulations work in a manner in which an individual perceives what he should so and how he should do it. While such a factor is important in creating consistency and getting exactly what the company requires out of an employee often such systems enforce a certain mindset on individuals resulting in them being maladaptive to sudden changes in the way they used to do things. It is based on this that in order to change the way in which a employee acts, thinks and expresses ideas it is important to first change the system in which he/she operates in order to bring about the desired change needed (Schraeder Jordan, 2011). Secondly, the concept of people fearing change is well known psychological concept that is deeply embedded in the fact that humans are essentially creatures of habit. People prefer doing things a certain way, they like having routines and they enjoy a life where they follow the simple logic of if they do this they get that (Van der Merwe, 2009). When a certain inexplicable change is introduced into a persons routine three possible things may occur, either: They adapt to this new change They resist to the change that is being induced They attempt to adapt yet fail at doing so. For organizations in th e midst of change the latter two responses are the most troubling since this may result in several groups of individuals either resisting the change or being unable to adapt properly, both of which would adversely affect the company.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Going back to the first principle mentioned, it is important to take note of the fact that in order to prevent the fear of change what is needed is to gradually change the system in which a person works up to the point that they are able to accept the change as it happens. The second principle compliments the first in that it addresses the unsaid point that since people fear change it is often hard to change the individual. Thus in order to change a person it is necessary to gradually change the mindset they operate with in order to facilitate effective change with little adverse effects (Van der Merwe, 2009). The last principle chosen is related to the action of having people know what is needed change and thus having them choose the direction in which the change would be best implemented. While this paper has so far shown that people fear change, are often resistant to it and that in order to change a person it is necessary to change the system they work in what wasnt mentioned was the fact that people are often resistant to outside change yet when the change comes from within, in that they see the necessity of change, employees often respond positively towards change and actually work towards it. In the case of the third principle by a supplying a clearly defined vision of what is needed to change instead of forcing the change, employees actually become more amenable to the necessity of change and become less resistant, more encouraging and actually contribute their own thoughts and views as to what other changes could be accomplished. Techniques to Manage Change There are 3 tec hniques that I would like to elaborate on that I believe are important in managing change and are consistent with the principles I chose Changing Employee Mindsets One of the first techniques necessary in managing change is to change the way in which employees think about the way in which they work. As mentioned in the discussion regarding the 1st principle it is often the case that employees develop a certain mindset regarding work which makes them far less apt to change when the need arises.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Change Management Definition and Its Principles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is based on this that what is needed is slowly change internal company policies and workplace culture so as to make it more amenable to the desired change rather than implement it all at once. This conforms with the first principle of change chosen in which a person is changed via a change in the system that they work. Implementing a workplace culture of open communication In the second principle chosen it was elaborated that people tend to fear change, while this is true the fact remains that there are actually method of mitigating this. One of them is implementing a workplace culture of open communication, by doing so not only can employee fears be addressed and taking into account when implementing change within the organization but it can be used as way in which to dampen the unforeseen and adverse effects the might happen should change be implemented. Establish Goals/Purpose driven work In their study examining employee performance it was discovered by Bishop (2011) that it is often the case that employees work better and adapt to change faster if there is a given goal or rather their work is driven by a specific purpose. Taking the third principle chosen into consideration it can be assumed that by creating a defined vision by which employees can work towards not only would this resul t in a smooth transition during change but can actually result in improved employee performance as well. Reference List Bishop, M. (2011). Raising the Bar on Performance-Driven Leadership. T+D, 65(7), 38. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Schraeder, M., Jordan, M. (2011). Managing Performance. Journal for Quality   Participation, 34(2), 4-10. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Van der Merwe, S. P. (2009). Determinants of family employee work performance and compensation in family businesses. South African Journal of Business  Management, 40(1), 51. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Management dissertation 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management dissertation 1 - Essay Example The policies and the practices within the organizational framework depend highly on its ability to adapt itself within an intensified competitive environment. (Dragun, n.d) In this research, a definite identical step has been taken forward in order to establish Sainsbury’s customer service taking in view both theoretical and its practical implications. Literally speaking on the prompt customer services (Heller, 2005) provided by different organizations largely depends on the motivation of the entities within the organization. (Xu, 2007) (Thomas, 2004) Management at Sainsbury has been on a constant lookout for maintaining quality and price in the various food products. (Analysis on the key factors affecting motivation of the staff at Sainsbury’s and the effect it has upon customer service, n.d) (Integrated Marketing Communications Campaign on behalf of Sainsbury’s, 2010) Both go hand-in-hand for better customer satisfaction. Customer needs (Heller, 2005) and speci fications are taken into consideration in formulating quality and price. This has invariably shown in their consistent sales performance with total sales reaching higher than 20K mark in the 2009 fiscal. (Annual Report and Financial Statements, 2009) Before carrying out a steady study on the stated issue it becomes important to have a review of the literature on such topic for consideration. (Corporate Objectives, 2009) Therefore, the following paper would lead to a sincere effort of understanding and verifying in fulfilling the objectives the paper is up to. The literature review discussion is followed by methodology, findings and analysis. Finally a summary of the whole study with a conclusion is stated. The main aim is to identify the managerial implementation in terms of marketing, selling, advertising and service standards communicated to potential customers at Sainsbury. In short, Service Quality (SERVQUAL) is

To what degree are resourcing stragegies constrained by the nature of Essay

To what degree are resourcing stragegies constrained by the nature of the external employement market and how can the human resources function respond to these - Essay Example It basically deals with the process of selection and socialization of new recruits towards getting the right work done by the right people. Aside from this, resourcing also helps the company understand the expectations of its prospective employees on issues such as: the reasons why people work, expected working conditions and salaries, promotions and the varying employment levels, effects of competitor activities on employee availability, and working patterns. On the other hand, the Hudson Institute, in its Workforce 2020 publication, indicated that resourcing strategies are, as a whole, not only involves the needs and expectations of employees but as well as the movement of its external environment. This involved the aspects of: (a) economic and technological change, (b) workforce availability and quality concerns, (c) demographics and diversity issues, and (d) organizational restructuring. Given the aforementioned issues and constraints, there is evidence to prove that the external employment environment has a great contribution in the manner to which organizations utilize its resourcing strategies. Before further discussion on the nature of the external environment, there is a need to answer the question, why do people work? In any working environment, people work, not only because they want to, but initially because they need to. In exchange for the amount of work they do for companies, employees get compensated and rewarded for the work well-done. Like in the case of American Express (HRM Guide, 2001), wherein it awarded its Canadian staff after the company had surpassed its 5-year financial targets and record. Since people work in exchange of the compensation they get, American Express equaled the loyalty and hard work of its 3,500 employees by benefiting them with a bonus plan for its entire Canadian staff and a stock purchase plan in which the employees can have an option of buying the company’s shares through its savings

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Assignment Example Globalization has brought the much-needed change. Robert Wright defined globalization as the control of America’s political and economic empowerment. Through globalization, individual have more wealth and are freer than they were many years ago when they were still fighting to gain that much-needed freedom (Wright 1). Globalization, according to Wright, was the spreading of values and beliefs across the borders of America, and that it had started way before the advanced technological development began. According to Wright, globalization has come with many disadvantages in that the use of communication devices such as phones has helped terrorist commit crimes. The terrorists have become more organized and more dangerous since they can use these communication devices to organize attacks and converse among themselves. He says that the terrorists have used the Internet to their own advantage, and it is due to this globalization that terrorists have based their reasons for their at tacks (Wright 2). It is also through this same process that the weapons they are using are more complicated and lethal. Wright argues that globalization has brought the act of crime to another level. Wrights also says that globalization is a damaging existence. ... He believes that it is the moral revolution that prevents America from becoming the downfall of globalization. Wright feels that globalization was the start of something that was uncontrollable. He fears that the stability that the United States is looking to accomplish with the process of globalization will not be achieved since there are still terrorist attacks that hinder such development. He says that it is through globalization that there is the availability of new weapons, new methods of crime, and there is the free movement of goods and services (Wright 2). Though globalization is a means to procure moral knowledge and usefulness, Wright thinks that globalization has brought tension among countries, particularly the United States and the Islamic community. Wright argues that with globalization, social class has emerged and there has been the rise of racism. The only way that individuals can coexist peacefully without harming each other is when liberty and security are combined . Only then will people live peacefully. The choice on whether globalization will make or break individuals and America is in the people’s hands (Wright 1). According to Kaplan, globalization is the main cause of development in the world. Globalization is about becoming modern, urbanized and free. He argues that development leads to evolution and that poverty derails the course that is the goal for development. He claims that the revolutions that were in Mexico and France were followed by economic growth and development, the rise in population due to this revolution and urbanization. His vision is that countries such as Brazil, China and Indonesia will be more economically able and

An Evaluation of Pip, and His Great Expectations Essay Example for Free

An Evaluation of Pip, and His Great Expectations Essay In the year 1860, author Charles Dicken’s began his thirteenth novel, Great Expectations. The work is a coming-of-age novel, which tells the life story of an orphan boy named Pip, who much like Dickens’ in his earlier years is unhappy with his current life. A number of Charles Dickens’ personal life events are mirrored in the novel, leaving Great Expectations to be one of his most autobiographical works. Young Pip, the protagonist of the novel is stuck living in the marsh country, he is working a job that he hates, and considers himself to be too good for his current surroundings, much like Dickens’ did when he was younger. While working on Great Expectations, Dickens’ made weekly installments to the novel, leading it to be one of his most well structured works. Great Expectations is a novel which develops a number of different themes as the story progresses, with the primary theme being personal growth and ambition. The story tells us that morals such as affection, loyalty and conscience are much more important in reality than social-class, social advancement, and wealth. The protagonist, Pip, is destined to learn this lesson through his ‘great expectations’, as he explores different ideas of ambition and self-improvement. Great Expectations is a convincing tale told in the perspective of an orphan named Pip, who tells his realistic life story from the very beginning of his ‘great expectations’, which all began one evening when he had a strange encounter with an escaped convict in a cemetery, while he was looking at the tombstones of his parents. This mysterious stranger ordered young Pip to bring him food and a file to break loose the shackle on his leg. If Pip does not comply, the strangers promises to murder him. After bringing the convict food and an iron the next day, Pip finds out that the convict has been arrested, and the mysterious criminal has protected Pip by telling the authorities that he stole the food himself. Some time after this event took place, a lawyer by the name of Jaggers appears in the marsh country that Pip lives in, and he comes with strange news: a strange benefactor has given young Pip a large fortune, and Pip must leave his life of being a blacksmith at the for ge behind in order to go to London with Jaggers and become a gentleman, and get his education. During his time in London, Pip discovers many truths about his life, the mysterious benefactor, and his past. A man from the country marsh named Orlick who is the polar-opposite of Pip reappears in his life, and is dead set on ruining it, as well as hopefully killing him. The reader is kept guessing what will happen with Orlick and Pip as the story progresses, as well as who Pip’s mysterious benefactor is. Dickens’ managed to make Great Expectations and interesting read, but a rather dull journey lacking any sort of excitement. Instead of having any sort of surprise throughout Great Expectations, the author simply gives answers to questions asked and created throughout the story, none in which intrigue the readers. The end holds no real surprise, and the novel ultimately ends up being just a message to the readers, saying that money and living in a good social class is not important in comparison to family, friends, and happiness. There are a number of events throughout that story that are irrelevant to everything, such as Pip and his friend Herbert end up being in debt. The debt has absolutely no negative or positive effect on the story, but is only a bit of filler throughout one of the chapters. The main character of Great Expectations, Pip, is the most guilt-ridden character in the novel, he has no prejudice. His most noticeable and crucial characteristics are his naturally good conscience, and his immature glory of romance. Pip eventually faces an internal conflict once he better understands the reality behind poverty and immorality, he decides that he wants to achieve as much as possible. Because of this, Pip puts his life at the marsh country behind him, he abandons the people who care for him the most, and goes to London where he becomes a gentleman. In London, Pip views his past actions very negatively, and very seldom does he ever give himself credit for good deeds he has done in the past. As a gentleman, Pip starts to act as he always imagined a gentleman would, this adds to him treating his family poorly. Many of the characters throughout the story do not seem to be very realistic, it is almost as if they were meant to come across as being quite fictional. Estella is an unrealistically ‘cold’ character, who has zero feelings for anybody or any living thing. She has absolutely no ability to express emotions to the extent that it seems completely unreal.Despite this, Estella almost does come across as being quite sympathetic for her being the way she is. She warns Pip regularly that she has â€Å"no heart†, and strongly urges him to love somebody else, for she is not good for his wellbeing and happiness. At the end of the novel, however, Estella finally begins to feel like as though she is out of Miss Havisham’s control, and is finally her own person, as she tells Pip, â€Å"Suffering has been stronger than all other teaching. . . I have been bent and broken, but I hope into a better shape.† Miss Havisham is the most unrealistic character in Great Expectations, she lives in a rotted mansion, and has not removed her wedding dress in over ten years. Miss Havisham has stopped every clock in her mansion at twenty minutes to nine, and refuses to ever know what time it is, whether it be day or night. Great Expectations takes place in the 19th century, the main character, Pip, is born in England in the 1800’s and is telling his story in the year 1860. The novel is set around the life of Pip, who is on a mission to meet his â€Å"great expectations†, whatever those may be, and to become a gentleman. His life story takes place both in the southeast marsh country of England, and eventually in London, England, where Pip lives as a gentleman. Great Expectations takes place during a very busy time for England, with the Industrial Revolution occurring, as well as the voidance of slavery in the British colonies during 1834. To the people, London is considered to be a prospering capital, and England is a powerful giant on the globe. However, the way Dickens’ depicts is quite the opposite of that. Pip’s hometown Kent, which resides near the marshlands is twenty miles away from the ocean, and the townsfolk can see the Thames River flow through it. Off in the distance of the marshland and ocean is where the convict ships dock, causing many criminals to lurk about the area. The setting is important because of the time period the story takes place, the economy is thriving and there is plenty of opportunity for money. The mood throughout the story feels rather empty, there is never much tension, never much pain, and never much happiness throughout Great Expectations. There are times throughout the novel when some places Pip travels to bring the mood to different levels, for example, Miss Havisham’s rotting mansion sets a darker mood on the tale, but shortly after when Pip is back in London, the story is back to the usual calm mood of Great Expectations. The story often goes through mood swings because of this. When certain characters come into the picture, they do hav e a slight effect on the atmosphere, though the atmosphere of the novel is usually made clear through Pip’s thoughts, as well as his actions. The year is 1860, Charles Dickens’ has just begun his thirteenth novel, the irritating tale of a young man named Pip, who has come across a large fortune of money, and decides to selfishly leave his family and loved ones behind in order to go to London, and be rich. As the novel progresses, Pip develops as a human being and learns many things, as well as beats himself up for his past. Throughout the ride, Pip comes across a great deal of many different people,such as a heartbroken old timer who grieves every day in her own self pity, a stone cold young lady who holds no love for any living thing, a criminal who has a strong sense of high values, and a lawyer who takes Pip under his wing to becoming a gentleman. Each character is unique in their own way, yet each continue to be uninteresting throughout the novel. Dickens’ not only presented the readers with a number of dull characters, but gave his audience a boring tale which ultimately holds no sort of significance in the end. While the novel is generally quite uninteresting, the setting of the novel is rather exciting as it takes place during the Industrial Revolution of England, however this is hardly noted in the novel, therefore putting readers in front of a rather empty, â€Å"too much like home† world, where the men work hard and the women stay at inside all day, the rich are greedy and the poor are struggling. Charles Dickens had a great idea with Great Expectations, but focused too much on other things as well throughout the story which ultimately helped lead it to become uninteresting and irritating to get through, at times there was too much going on in the novel, while at other times unnecessary events were taking place, which did not progress the story in any way whatsoever. Though the theme of Great Expectations exists, the end gives readers more of a relief that the book is finished, rather than leaving them in an intrigued state which Dickens seemed to have originally intended.

Essay --

The Ethics of Xenotransplantation Xenotranplantation is the controversial procedure that involves the transplantation of an animal's live cells, tissues, body fluids, or organs 1. Define Canada's position on xenotransplantation Due to fewer deaths caused by car crashes and gunshots, Canada lacks in its number of organ donors. Hoping for development in the xenotransplantation is our only hope at this point. Although Canada is encouraged to participate in further research regarding the xenotransplantation, alternatives to this must also be looked into. The alternatives vary from further stem cell research, and ways to increase to organ donors. 2. Research to determine if/ where research on transplantation is being carried out In Canada, there are no studies of xenotransplantations regarding humans. Many other countries have also been skeptical of putting their country in risk. However the Canadian Public Health Association has discussed xenotransplantations' advantages and concerns. All xenotransplantation was banned worldwide in 1997 because of concerns about a pig virus called porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) being transmitted to humans. However, several studies published in the late 1990s found no evidence that the virus could produce infectious particles in other species. Some countries, including the US, UK and New Zealand, are now allowing xenotransplantation research to continue on a case-by-case basis. Doctors began investigating different methods with different drugs to prevent rejection of xenotransplants. So far there has not been an entire success. In 1963, Dr Thomas Starzl transplanted kidneys from baboons into six human recipients in Denver, US. The patients survived between 19–98 days. Biotech companies are d... ... they have changed the rules so that whether than people signing up to give up their organs for transplant, people should sign up to refuse. If organ donors increase perhaps we won't be in need of transplanting an animals' organ. 4. Regeneration is the ability of a tissue to repair itself after getting damaged. Not all cells are capable of regeneration. However, scientists have been researching different methods to regenerate human body parts that normally are not capable of regenerating. 6. What is your position on xenotransplantation? Xenotransplantation is one of the most significant technology developed as it allows humans to be saved. Although it is not fully developed yet, I think it would be a great solution to save lives. However, while having xenotransplantation available to use is very important, development in increasing the number of organ donors are a

Why Coal Is Not Bad

Coal was mined in this country before it was even a country. The first thirteen states appeared on a United States flag after coal mines appeared on our maps. Coal has helped power America for nearly 300 years and has been an essential part of the U. S economy since the turn of the century. It was the first fossil fuel used extensively by humans, and is still vitally important today, generating 39 percent of the world’s electricity, and 49 percent of U. S. electricity.Coal power, an established electricity source that provides a vast quantity of inexpensive, reliable power has become more important as the world is becoming more advanced. Modern life is unimaginable without electricity. It lights houses, buildings, streets, provides domestic and industrial heat, and powers most equipment used in homes, offices and machinery in factories. As you can tell, coal plays a vital role in electricity generation worldwide. Coal is a quick an easy thing to produce, transport and generate . With coal mines located in almost 70 different countries, it is not a problem for the supply and demand.Also, coal supplies in the United States are far more plentiful than domestic oil or natural gas; they account for 95 percent of the country's fossil fuel reserves and more than 60 percent of the world's fuel reserves. Not only that, but the United States has about 275 billion tons of recoverable coal, which could last us more than 250 years if we continue using coal at the same rate as we use it today. So here is the question. Why would you want to get rid of coal fired power plants that give people jobs, is easy to mine and is plentiful and inexpensive for the alternative which is inconsistent and costly?

I Do Not Believe in Ghosts

I do not believe in ghosts When I was little I lived in a house that was haunted. Wait don’t go! I know, I know, this subject is tired. The thing is I don’t even believe in ghosts. At least that is what I tell myself now, but back then I’m telling you that house was haunted. We moved there when I was in first grade and the first time I saw it, I started crying. Something about the house just seemed wrong. It was â€Å"pretty†, but it gave me a really ugly feeling.All sorts of weird, creepy, and inexplicable things would happen there. We had three dogs when we lived there, two of them ran away, and one went crazy and couldn’t live with us anymore. We had rabbits and they all died. We stopped getting pets. The toilet would flush itself. Once, I was talking back to my mom and she told me to stop or God would punish me and I said something along the lines of â€Å"yeah, right† and then the ground shook. I kid you not there was an earthquake, but no one except my mother and I felt it.Apparently, only our house shook. Another time, my brother who was an infant at the time was in his bassinet under a lamp that was hanging from the ceiling. I looked at my mother and told her she shouldn’t put him there because that lamp was going to fall on him. I walked over and moved the bassinet and as soon as I moved him the lamp fell. Crazy! It makes no sense to me that I have such clear memories of this house that was seemingly possessed and yet, I do not believe in ghosts. Do you?

Frogs essays

Frogs essays A Frog is a small, tail less animal that has bulging eyes. Almost all frogs have long back legs. The strong hind legs make the frog able to leap farther than the length of its body. Frogs live on every continent except Antarctica, but tropical regions have the greatest number of species. Frogs are classified as amphibians. Most amphibians, including most frogs, spend part of their life as a water animal and part as a land animal. Frogs are related to toads, but are different from them in a few ways. The giant frog of west-central Africa ranks as the largest frog. It measures nearly a foot (30 centimeters) long. The smallest species grow only 1/2 inch (1.3 centimeters) long. Frogs also differ in color. Most kinds are green or brown, but some have colorful markings. Although different species may vary in size or color, almost all frogs have the same basic body structure. They have large hind legs, short front legs, and a flat head and body with no neck. Adult frogs have no tail, though one North American species has a short, tail like structure. Most frogs have a sticky tongue attached to the front part of the mouth. They can rapidly flip out the tongue to capture prey. Frogs have such internal organs as a heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys. Some of the internal organs differ from those of higher animals. A frog's heart has three chambers instead of four. And although adult frogs breathe by means of lungs, they also breathe through their skin. The eggs of different species vary in size, color, and shape. A jelly like substance covers frog eggs, providing a protective coating. This jelly also differs from species to species. Some species of frogs lay several thousand eggs at a time. But only a few of these eggs develop into adult frogs. Ducks, fish, insects, and other water creatures eat many of the eggs. Even if the eggs hatch, the tadpoles also face the danger of being eaten by larger wat...

Great White Fleet Circles the Globe

Great White Fleet Circles the Globe A Rising Power In the years after its triumph in the Spanish-American War, the United States quickly grew in power and prestige on the world stage. A newly established imperial power with possessions that included Guam, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico, it was felt that the United States needed to substantially increase its naval power to retain its new global status. Led by the energy of President Theodore Roosevelt, the US Navy built eleven new battleships between 1904 and 1907. While this construction program greatly grew the fleet, the combat effectiveness of many of the ships was jeopardized in 1906 with the arrival of the all-big gun HMS Dreadnought. Despite this development, the expansion of naval strength was fortuitous as Japan, recently triumphant in the Russo-Japanese War after victories at Tsushima and Port Arthur, presented a growing threat in the Pacific. Concerns with Japan Relations with Japan were further stressed in 1906, by a series of laws which discriminated against Japanese immigrants in California. Touching off anti-American riots in Japan, these laws were ultimately repealed at Roosevelts insistence. While this aided in calming the situation, relations remained strained and Roosevelt became concerned about the US Navys lack of strength in the Pacific. To impress upon the Japanese that the United States could shift its main battle fleet to the Pacific with ease, he began devising a world cruise of the nations battleships. Roosevelt had effectively utilized naval demonstrations for political purposes in the past as earlier that year he had deployed eight battleships to the Mediterranean to make a statement during the Franco-German Algeciras Conference. Support at Home In addition to sending a message to the Japanese, Roosevelt wished to provide the American public with a clear understanding that the nation was prepared for a war at sea and sought to secure support for the construction of additional warships. From an operational standpoint, Roosevelt and naval leaders were eager to learn about the endurance of American battleships and how they would stand up during long voyages. Initially announcing that the fleet would be moving to the West Coast for training exercises, the battleships gathered at Hampton Roads in late 1907 to take part in the Jamestown Exposition. Preparations Planning for the proposed voyage required a full assessment of the US Navys facilities on the West Coast as well as across the Pacific. The former were of particular importance as it was expected the fleet would require a full refit and overhaul after steaming around South America (the Panama Canal was not yet open). Concerns immediately arose that the only navy yard capable of servicing the fleet was at Bremerton, WA as the main channel into San Franciscos Mare Island Navy Yard was too shallow for battleships. This necessitated the re-opening of a civilian yard on Hunters Point in San Francisco. The US Navy also found that arrangements were needed to ensure that the fleet could be refueled during the voyage. Lacking a global network of coaling stations, provisions were made to have colliers meet the fleet at prearranged locations to permit refueling. Difficulties soon arose in contracting sufficient American-flagged ships and awkwardly, especially given the point of the cruise, the majority of the colliers employed were of British registry. Around the World Sailing under command of Rear Admiral Robley Evans, the fleet consisted of the battleships USS Kearsarge, USS Alabama, USS Illinois, USS Rhode Island , USS Maine, USS Missouri, USS Ohio, USS Virginia, USS Georgia, USS New Jersey, USS Louisiana, USS Connecticut, USS Kentucky, USS Vermont, USS Kansas, and USS Minnesota. These were supported by a Torpedo Flotilla of seven destroyers and five fleet auxiliaries. Departing the Chesapeake on December 16, 1907, the fleet steamed past the presidential yacht Mayflower as they left Hampton Roads. Flying his flag from Connecticut, Evans announced that the fleet would be returning home via the Pacific and circumnavigating the globe. While it is unclear whether this information was leaked from the fleet or became public after the ships arrival on the West Coast, it was not met with universal approval. While some were concerned that the nations Atlantic naval defenses would be weakened by the fleets prolonged absence, others were concerned about the cost. Senator Eugene Hale, the chairman of the Senate Naval Appropriation Committee, threatened to cut the fleets funding. To the Pacific Responding in typical fashion, Roosevelt replied that he already had the money and dared Congressional leaders to try and get it back. While the leaders wrangled in Washington, Evans and his fleet continued with their voyage. On December 23, 1907, they made their first port call at Trinidad before pressing on to Rio de Janeiro. En route, the men conducted the usual Crossing the Line ceremonies to initiate those sailors who had never crossed the Equator. Arriving in Rio on January 12, 1908, the port call proved eventful as Evans suffered an attack of gout and several sailors became involved in a bar fight. Departing Rio, Evans steered for the Straits of Magellan and the Pacific. Entering the straits, the ships made a brief call at Punta Arenas before transiting the dangerous passage without incident. Reaching Callao, Peru on February 20, the men enjoyed a nine-day celebration in honor of George Washingtons birthday. Moving on, the fleet paused for one month at Magdalena Bay, Baja California for gunnery practice. With this complete, Evans moved up the West Coast making stops at San Diego, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz, Santa Barbara, Monterey, and San Francisco. Across the Pacific While in port at San Francisco, Evans health continued to worsen and command of the fleet passed to Rear Admiral Charles Sperry. While the men were treated as royalty in San Francisco, some elements of the fleet traveled north to Washington, before the fleet reassembled on July 7. Before departing, Maine and Alabama were replaced by USS Nebraska and USS Wisconsin due to their high fuel consumption. In addition, the Torpedo Flotilla was detached. Steaming into the Pacific, Sperry took the fleet to Honolulu for a six-day stop before proceeding on to Auckland, New Zealand. Entering port on August 9, the men were regaled with parties and warmly received. Pushing on to Australia, the fleet made stops at Sydney and Melbourne and was met with great acclaim. Steaming north, Sperry reached Manila on October 2, however liberty was not granted due to a cholera epidemic. Departing for Japan eight days later, the fleet endured a severe typhoon off Formosa before reaching Yokohama on October 18. Due to the diplomatic situation, Sperry limited liberty to those sailors with exemplary records with the goal of preventing any incidents. Greeted with exceptional hospitality, Sperry and his officers were housed at the Emperors Palace and the famed Imperial Hotel. In port for a week, the men of the fleet were treated to constant parties and celebrations, including one hosted by famed Admiral Togo Heihachiro. During the visit, no incidents occurred and the goal of bolstering good will between the two nations was achieved. The Voyage Home Dividing his fleet in two, Sperry departed Yokohama on October 25, with half heading for a visit to Amoy, China and the other to the Philippines for gunnery practice. After a brief call in Amoy, the detached ships sailed for Manila where they rejoined the fleet for maneuvers. Preparing to head for home, the Great White Fleet departed Manila on December 1 and made a week-long stop at Colombo, Ceylon before reaching the Suez Canal on January 3, 1909. While coaling at Port Said, Sperry was alerted to a severe earthquake at Messina, Sicily. Dispatching Connecticut and Illinois to provide aid, the rest of the fleet divided to make calls around the Mediterranean. Regrouping on February 6, Sperry made final port call at Gibraltar before entering the Atlantic and setting a course for Hampton Roads. Reaching home on February 22, the fleet was met by Roosevelt aboard Mayflower and cheering crowds ashore. Lasting fourteen months, the cruise aided in the conclusion of the Root-Takahira Agreement between the United States and Japan and demonstrated that modern battleships were capable of long journeys without significant mechanical breakdowns. In addition, the voyage led to several changes in ship design including the elimination of guns near the waterline, the removal of old-style fighting tops, as well as improvements to ventilation systems and crew housing. Operationally, the voyage provided thorough sea training for both the officers and men and led to improvements in coal economy, formation steaming, and gunnery. As a final recommendation, Sperry suggested that the US Navy change the color of its ships from white to gray. While this had been advocated for some time, it was put into effect after the fleets return.

How to beat distraction, the new writers block - Emphasis

How to beat distraction, the new writers block How to beat distraction, the new writers block Writers block used to mean sitting at your desk, staring into the empty void that was your screen and hoping for inspiration. Ah, those were the days. Now its not emptiness but a world crammed with tempting morsels thats the problem. Gone is the blank screen. In its place is an infinite variety of distractions, each way more enticing than not just writing but even thinking about writing. Half the problem is the very place where you write your documents – your computer. Because thats where most of the distractions are. Even the best ideas stand helpless against an onslaught of instant messages, notifications, Google searches and browser tabs (each of which can easily lead you to the other, forming a complex loop that quickly fills your head with a kind of digital fug). I never thought Id feel nostalgic for plain vanilla writers block. But in the era before the web got its spindly filaments into every part of our lives, at least you could identify and isolate the problem. Maybe it was fear of failure. Perhaps a lack of ideas. These days, concentrating for more than a few minutes is a challenge in itself. Trying to join two ideas together takes near super-human focus. Fortunately, I think I may have discovered the solution. And focus is at its core. Its an online course called Focused Every Day, from the author David Levin. (You can try a free version of the programme here.) Ive actually tried this course and it worked for me. In fact, Id say its one of the most effective programmes Ive followed in a long, long time. (To put the recommendation in context, this is the first time in our 15-year history that weve endorsed a course from someone else.) Its improved my own focus many-fold, with the result not only that ideas have begun to flow again but that Ive been able to capture and act on them. Its made distraction much, much easier to control and dramatically improved my own business-writing output. So, why does it work? I think its because Levin has taken some very simple yet powerful concepts and made them incredibly easy to apply. Its a deceptively straightforward course. This and the authors gentle, engaging delivery are its great strengths. Its such a refreshing change from, say, books that require you to memorise intricate concepts or change your entire approach to everyday life. I strongly urge you to give it a go. Sign up for the free training videos here.

Two Old Women book review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Two Old Women book review - Essay Example Wallis had written the book sensitive based on the aspect of womanhood and nature that had been presented to retain survival within the members. The book is vital to predict the events that lead to the seclusion of selected societal members in an attempt to adjust to the harsh environmental challenges faced within unstable societies. Wallis’ short book had been written to predict the events that had occurred following the decision by a tribe to abandon two elderly women, following a natural calamity that threatened the development of their society. The events had been followed by the decision of the tribe to witness their reduced participation towards healthy development in the tribe. Wallis explains that these women had been linked to complaining instead of providing positive ideology to assist in eliminating the challenges. The book explains the ability of a stable societal system to make the decision to protect sensitive members within the system and encourage hard work through harsh subjections. The elderly women had been alienated despite their condition due to the burden that they would present to the new society. The decision had been made due to the harsh famine that had plagued the land. Despite the decision to abandon the women due to their condition, the result is unexpected because they apply determination and friendship to overcome the challenges. The community had made the decision to abandon the women because they had been considered a setback to the development within the new land that the tribe sought to create. The decision had been made because they had been considered weak and would not last the extreme famine witnessed. However, the twist in the story is realized when the women manage to overcome these challenges and plough through the burden that had been subjected upon them. Ch ‘idzigyaak and Sa’ managed to articulate solutions to present survival measures. Through the help of the daughter and her grandson, Ch

Leadership in organisations during post-recession period Essay

Leadership in organisations during post-recession period - Essay Example Furthermore, there are predictions that in the next 5 years the rapid economic growth of China would suffer a major setback, while some expect India and Brazil to face similar economic slowdown at the same time. Increased globalisation in finances and trade has led to increased integration, which in turn has acerbated specific economic conditions globally, creating greater challenges for business firms. The main challenges for organisations arising from the current economic crisis are: Achieving success in developing economies is not as easy as before and making profits from fast growing markets is increasingly turning more difficult as costs are increasing, there is greater competition, and even the fast developing economies are now slowing down owing to global recession (Ernst & Young, 2011); Divergent markets: Owing to globalisation, as the organisations enter markets having different business culture and environment and varying prospects they tend to face various challenges assoc iated with increasing functional and management complexities (Ernst & Young, 2011); More importance are being attached to dynamic policies, which are largely unpredictable, shows a sign increasing protectionism is creating serious challenges for the organisations. Business firms are also expressing increasing concerns over sharp increase in taxes as governments try to acquire greater revenues to make up for the public fund deficit (Ernst & Young, 2011); Talented people and specialised workers are becoming increasingly difficult to find. Organisations all over the world are finding it increasingly difficult to locate the right candidates and there is scarcity of good leaders and specialised workers (Ernst &... Leadership in organisations during post-recession period A few years back when large companies faced the prospect of losing their stronghold within the arena of domestic markets, they simply searched for fast developing economies in order to make higher profits. Currently, owing to widespread economic globalisation and the looming financial downturn, there is a significant slowdown in economic growth, rise in stiff competition, increase in operational and management complexities and a significant shortage of skilled/specialised workers within key markets, which is turning into a major challenge for various business organisations. Many of the experts have predicted a fresh economic downturn by the end of 2012 primarily initiated by debt defaults in Eurozone (Ernst & Young, 2011). Furthermore, there are predictions that in the next 5 years the rapid economic growth of China would suffer a major setback, while some expect India and Brazil to face similar economic slowdown at the same time. The challenges faced by the organisations during recession makes it necessary for one to take into consideration the various leadership and negotiation skills that are necessary to steer business firms through the difficult period and prepare them for an economic upturn. In this context, some experts have contended that favourable economic conditions create a management and operational environment that is lax in nature, which is tightened up during economic recessions.

Lying v. Misleading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Lying v. Misleading - Essay Example Philosophers have not only tried to characterize the difference between lies and misleading statements, but also have debated over the moral significance of each kind of utterance. Therefore, the two main question s are what speech act is required for lying, as opposed to being misleading; and what is the moral difference between the two acts of speech. One theory, from a linguistic point of view, according to Stokke (2), is that there are different ways of conveying information, which means, in turn, that there is a difference in the speech acts involved in both misleading and lying. When one is lying, the mode of communication is saying. This means that lying requires saying something, and being misleading is conveying information without coming right out and saying it. The example that Stokke (1) gave was a person who is looking forward to going to a party that evening after work. Another person, a co-worker, comes up and says that she doesn't want to go to the party unless person A is going. To which, person A simply says â€Å"I have to work.† But person A is actually going to be going to the party. This is misleading, because A implies that she wouldn't be going to the party by her statement. But she wasn't lying – she did have to work that day. Lying would mean that person A would come right out and say â€Å"no, I am not going to go the party tonight,† when she really is. As it was, the scenario was an example of merely misleading person B. Green (160) makes the distinction between lying and misleading by stating that lying is telling a false statement, while misleading involves stating something that is true, but is calculated to draw the inference of a lie. Stokke (348) further makes distinctions between lying and misleading, and the ethical implications of each. Someone might lie without the intent to deceive. This is because there are reasons for lying that do not have to do with deception. For instance, a person can lie on the witness stand because he fears reprisals, not that he wants to deceive everybody. This is especially true when it is clear that he did see the murder, or whatever it is that he is lying about on the witness stand. He knows that he isn't deceiving anybody, and that was never his intent. Rather, his intent was to simply secure his own safety or the safety of others who he might be protecting as well. Therefore, some philosophers have attempted to craft categories of lying where there is not an intent to deceive, such as the case above. In this definition, a lie is a lie even if there is not an attempt to deceive, as long as there is a warrant for the truth (Stokke, 349). Since one can warrant for the truth, while knowing that the statement is false, even if that person did not intend to deceive, then this would still be considered to be a lie. Therefore, there does not necessarily have to be an intent to deceive for the statement to be considered to be a lie (Stokke, 349). This would contradict the basic formula which is put in place by Stokke (348), which is that a person lies a person A makes a knowing false statement to person B, and there is also an intention to deceive person B. This somewhat complicates the ethical consequences of a lie, according to Stokke (350). this is because there is one traditional school of thought that lying is morally wrong when one intends to deceive. But, if there is not an attempt at deception, is this lie morally wrong? Stokke (350) states that it still is morally wrong, even if the person does not intend to deceive, and, in fact, deceives nobody (such as the witness to the murder, when that witness was caught on tape actually witnessing the murder. He doesn't intend to deceive