Essay --

The question of euthanasia is one that has plagued the human sense of morale for centuries. With modern medical technology it becomes even more pressing. I get out cover three aspects of Euthanasia including three principles for, three principles against, and my give conclusion as to why Euthanasia is morally justified. To clarify some of the terms come to Euthanasia is derived from the Greek language Euthos, meaning easy, and thanos, meaning dying. Voluntary Euthanasia is a medically assisted, peaceful death at the postulate of the patient. on that point is to a fault active and passive euthanasia. Active being euthanasia at the request of a relative and passive euthanasia is withholding treatment at the request of the patient. There have been more arguments for euthanasia and most can be surmised into three principles. One is that individuals should have the right to make their own choices in in the flesh(predicate) issues such(prenominal) as death. Not respecting ones wish for a quiet and peaceful death disrespects ones autonomy. It does so in such a way that to deny the right to make their own decision is kindred telling them they do non have the capacity to make a rational decision. If one does not have rational thought than one is like an animal with no concept of death. If one is thought to be like an animal then what harm is there in putting them to sleep? As people we constantly put down loved pets to end their suffering. relative someone who only wishes for a peaceful death that they may not have such a mercy completely defies autonomy. Individuals right to make their own decision is not only an ethical right that all people have, but it is also protected by the United States Constitution as a part of the Right to Privacy. Death, it would seem to me, constitut... ...eat gift to ease ones pain and a great show of compassion to that person as well. Individuals have the right to choose. Denying a person their right to choose life or death, to me, is intrinsically wrong. As stated previously, death is a very personal issue and if life is no longer worth living than who are we to force unwanted life upon someone? We have a right to make private decisions and that includes the decision to die. There is nothing wrong with wanting to die peacefully to end suffering quicker than a natural death might have allowed. Euthanasia is clearly a mercy for those who suffer immensely through disease. Euthanasia should be an option for those that want it. It is obvious that many will still have objections and many will not make such a choice, but if they so choose, a quick and easy death awaits. I personally am not against euthanasia.

My Definition of Terrorism :: Terrorism, Terrorists, 2015

To me, terrorist act is the use of violent actions to provoke fear or terror in a population for the purpose of spreading a message.I agree with Moeller in that terrorism is distinguished from other forms of violence in that The victims and the intended audience of a terrorist act are not the same,1 and the psychological impact of a terrorist act is intended to be greater than the physical damage caused. The goal of terrorism is to send a message, not defeat the enemy.2 Additionally, in regards to Moellers questions of whether terrorism is a manoeuvre or ideology, terrorism is purely a tactic among many others, not an ideology at all.I do not believe that actions can be crimes or acts of war. Those are purely interpretations of those reacting to events. In most jurisdictions, terrorism is a crime. At least one nation has chosen to consider it an act of war. I consider these judgments to be separate from the definition of the action. Similarly, the physical exertion of transnation al pre-emptive force is irrelevant to a definition.I disagree with Moeller in her assertion that terrorism is targeted at civilians. Terrorism can be targeted at military troops as well, as they are a population. Whenever the nature of an attack is to invoke fear over causing direct damage, it qualifies as terrorism.My definition is broad, encompassing many actions not always considered terrorism, and seeks to avoid entangling terrorism with other topics.Works CitedMoeller, Susan. 2009. Packaging Terrorism Co-opting the News for Politics and Profit. West Sussex Wiley-Blackwell.

Year-Round Schooling: The Way to Go Essay -- essays papers

Year-Round Schooling The Way to GoMany people feel that no school should have a stratum-round archive because it is not right for children be in school year round. Despite this feeling, many schools have changed their schedule to a year-round one to benefit their students as well as their teachers. Year-round schooling (YRS), also know as year-round education (YRE), is a good way to better students education. It betters students education by provided more(prenominal) frequent breaks, and giving student opportunites to participate in inter-sessions. The first year-round school in the United States was in Bluffton, Indiana in the year 1904. The purpose of changing their schedule to a year-round one was to increase the school building capacity, student achievement, minimize summer learning loss, and provide curative during inter-sessions. From then till 1998 and 1999, there have been over two thousand year-round schools throughout the United States, Canada, and the Pacific Region. Y ear-round schedules can be make up of two types of systems, a single track, and a multi-track with attendance programs or a combination the two. The single track is for the whole student body to live the same schedule, as well as the staff. The multi-track separates the students and teachers into groups. Each group gets assigned a different track. The benefits of having multi-track programs are less overcrowding, class size reduction, and giving teachers the luck to work year-round (Palmer & Bemis, 1999). In addition to single track and multi-track systems there are other various types of year-round schedules. The 60-20 and 60-15, 45-15 and 45-10, and Concept 6 are the close to common type. The 60-20 schedule is divided into three 60 day se... ... school calendars offer sports after school, this gives students less time to study and do homework in order to improve, or if the student studies all he or she can, they loss sleep. Having sports offered during inter-sessions gives stu dents more time during the school sessions to study and do homework, plus giving them more time to sleep in order to help them perform better in the classroom. During the frequent breaks, or inter-sessions if teachers opt not to teach, gives them additional time to urinate better lesson plans and have more energy to teach. During the school sessions, because of the frequent breaks in year round schooling, students and teachers get less of a work load in a period of time compared to students and teachers who are in a school with a traditional calendar. This reduces the stress of those teachers and students making everybody a bit happier.

a piece of her mind :: essays research papers

Often our choices are based upon our basic needs and what makes us feel safe. Yet, thither is always that minute doubt tangled inside our gut, wondering what would have happened if we took the dangerous, the hesitant, and the more thrilling path. One of the most universal experiences human beings face as we begin to age is we start to look patronise upon our lives and wonder if we made the right choices. For some people, they experience a mid life crisis and choose to start all over again, desperately yearning for a different result. Others dwell in a sense of melancholy, saddened by their fantasies of what life could have been had they elect the other path. What if I had married differently? What if I had chosen a different career? These what ifs begin to pile on top on unmatchable another, creating a disappointing mountain of uncertainty and speculation. Within Mrs. Dalloway, Virginia Woolf portrays Mrs. Clarissa Dalloway as a woman who is exploring these questions in a single a fternoon of her life. If Mrs. Dalloway were to have kept a diary during this one day in her life, the following is an except of what I think she would have written in it. Dear Diary,As a cloud crossed the sun, silence move on London and falls on the mind. Effort ceases. Time flaps on the mast. There we stop there we stand. Rigid, the skeleton of habit upholds the human frames.(49) Earlier today, he just stood there in front of me, his failure figure seeming more daunting than ever before. As my eyes met his, drapes of memory began to unravel within my mind, uncovering the antiquated sheds of abandoned feelings. It was too difficult to ignore the pulsating pain I felt when my eyes met hit. My eyes frantically searched for an escape outlet. As I passed through the gigantic wooden doors towards the small room, I was forced to confront the amber-stillness of a surprisingly placeless place. I scanned the room I had just finished cleaning nearly an hr earlier. While it all appeared t o be in order and cleansed of any dust or untidiness, any slight disorder popped out at me. The tired shelves leaned to one side under the weight of absent books, now pushed to the floor perhaps by the wind. Faces were covering the wall, trapped in black and white cruelty of photographs and the softened murmur of faded laughter.

Descriptive Essay - College Dorm Room -- Descriptive Essay, Descriptive

Filthy College Dorm RoomAs I lifted my head, I was greeted by at least(prenominal) fifty naked models, all in various X-rated positions, each eyeing me with an expression that suggested nothing but lust and desire. I stepped into the room, only to be overwhelmed with at least twenty-five more girls stripped of any trace of clothing. Although my legs were begging to walk my sickened body let on the door, I brought myself together and looked at the reason I was forcing myself to baffle there. I had to pee so badly, and a small, filthy toilet was only a few short steps across the chilled tile floor. My bare feet snarl every speck of dirt underneath them, and I laughed at the thought that I respectfully took off my shoes before coming in. The heavy foetor of mildew continued to coat my lungs so thickly I was tempted to hold my breath. I focused only on my destination and tried to figure appear how anyone, even if they are college freshmen full of testosterone, could turn the walls of their dorm bathroom into a Playboy magazine.After going about my business, I reached for the brass door-handle that would let me out of the tiny room, which consisted of the toilet, a small shower, a moldy rug, and a trash can that was overflowing with tissues and toilet paper. A few pieces of blue gum were incautiously stuck on top of the heap. I hesitated, however, to let my hand touch the door-handle in fear of what might be brio on it. I took the chance and grabbed the unflustered metal anyway, turned it as quickly as I could, and stepped out of the bathroom to the sink to wash my potentially diseased hands. Chad, who came with me to Joes dorm, stood nervously in the living area, his hands hanging onto the rims of his pockets. The porcelain sink, which I am assuming... ...e building, and took a deep breath of fresh air. Not only did the environment of the dorm appall me, but I was thoroughly shocked that I could be so blind when it came to Joe. My mind flashed to other pe ople in my life, and I thought about how their outside images may easily conceal their true ways. Joes dorm made me realize that the depictions I have of a person are often misleading or scarcely untrue. Chad was now just behind me, and Joe was following him. Joe stopped in the doorway. As we proceeded to walk down the hallway, we passed four gray doors, each identical to Joes. As we neared the meth doors of the exit, Chad turned around and said to Joe, sarcastically, Yeah I hope we didnt interrupt you. You werent tidying up or anything, were you?He then replied, as he gradually closed in(p) the door, What are you talking about, man. This place is clean.

Descriptive Essay - College Dorm Room -- Descriptive Essay, Descriptive

Filthy College Dorm RoomAs I lifted my head, I was greeted by at least fifty bleak models, all in various X-rated positions, each eyeing me with an expression that suggested nothing but lust and desire. I stepped into the room, only to be overwhelmed with at least twenty-five more than girls stripped of any trace of clothing. Although my legs were begging to walk my sickened body out the door, I brought myself together and looked at the reason I was forcing myself to stay there. I had to make so badly, and a small, filthy toilet was only a few short steps across the chilled tile floor. My b ar feet felt every disfigurement of dirt underneath them, and I laughed at the thought that I respectfully took off my shoes before coming in. The heavy stench of mildew go on to coat my lungs so thickly I was tempted to hold my breath. I focused only on my destination and tried to figure out how anyone, even if they are college freshmen full of testosterone, could turn the walls of their dor m bathroom into a Playboy magazine.After going about my business, I reached for the brass door-handle that would let me out of the tiny room, which consisted of the toilet, a small shower, a moldy rug, and a trash can that was overflowing with tissues and toilet paper. A few pieces of blue gum were carelessly stuck on go across of the heap. I hesitated, however, to let my hand touch the door-handle in fear of what might be living on it. I took the chance and grabbed the smooth metal anyway, sour it as quickly as I could, and stepped out of the bathroom to the sink to wash my potentially diseased hands. Chad, who came with me to Joes dorm, stood nervously in the living area, his hands abeyance onto the rims of his pockets. The porcelain sink, which I am assuming... ...e building, and took a deep breath of fresh air. Not only did the environment of the dorm appall me, but I was thoroughly surprise that I could be so blind when it came to Joe. My mind flashed to other people in my life, and I thought about how their outside images may easily hold their true ways. Joes dorm made me realize that the depictions I have of a person are often misleading or simply untrue. Chad was now yet behind me, and Joe was following him. Joe stopped in the doorway. As we proceeded to walk down the hallway, we passed four gray doors, each identical to Joes. As we neared the glass doors of the exit, Chad turned most and said to Joe, sarcastically, Yeah I hope we didnt interrupt you. You werent tidying up or anything, were you?He then replied, as he gradually closed the door, What are you talk about, man. This place is clean.

Review On Canadian Imperial Bank Of Commerce Commerce Essay

Our aim is to be the primary fiscal establishment for our invitees. Our success depends on construction strong relationships and on our ability to assist clients accomplish their fiscal ends ( www.cibc.com ) . Like other Bankss, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce ( CIBC ) has on-line banking, resound banking, concern banking and personal banking. One subdivision that looks interesting is the country in which they call Personal Wealth.The latter point that was made seems to be really strategic. It puts the client in control of wealth or deficiency t hereof. I am impressed with that facet of their selling scheme. The occupations that can be secured at this degree argon gain r raseues associates to account directors. There is a batch of room for turning within CIBC.FinanceThe reflexion found within the fiscal facet of the validation is that of director of finance, senior fiscal analyst and fiscal analyst. The Finance group provides fiscal services to CIBC s concerns through effec tual brass and determination support procedures ( www.cibc.ca ) . The conductor and senior fiscal analysts have more duties herein.CIBC has fiscal duties as a concern. They have a system of answerability that helps to command what information is being utilize within the company. The Director just about probably has most duties of that control, within the giving medication and every bit far as clients ar concerned, concern or otherwise.military personnel ResourcesThe Human Resources section is non in a class of its ain within CIBC. This construction falls under a a great deal larger construction of Administration. Human Resources develops and implements plans to pull, deem and support employees throughout their callings at CIBC ( www.cibc.ca ) . Part of this construction, non un kindred other organisations, is responsible for preparation and fiting employees to develop their callings so that turn-over is minimum.OperationssOperationss was slightly equivocal on the CIBC w eb page. It aviate under the class of engineering and operations. I am non truly certain as to why they would chunk those two together. From what I can see is CIBC runs like a well-oiled machine. They decidedly have all their bases covered and it seems like there is much room for growing within the organisation, and it appears to be a healthy topographical point in which to construct one s calling.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol //www.cibc.com/ca/personal.htmlOrganizational StructureThe organisational construction of CIBC is of incorporate type of administration which has both level ( even ) and perpendicular type of constructions. Long-run success involves effectual administration. CIBC has already been recognized as a leader in this country, they endeavour every twelvemonth for unbroken betterments in their administration construction and procedures.Integrated administration theoretical accountCIBC s senior direction squad plays a really of import function in the g eneral control of CIBC s concerns by supplying timely and precise information to the venire to help the managers in their misinterpretation undertakings. Regular and sincere dealingss between the display panel and direction are another cardinal facet of a well-built administration to back up the long-run involvements of CIBC s investors. Another factor of good administration is that it besides include being a responsible corporate citizen. CIBC is renowned as a leader in ecological concern patterns and corporate societal duty.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol //www.cibc.com/ca/inside-cibc/governance.htmlBoard Responsibilities and Governance StructureThe Board is responsible to oversee the direction of CIBC s concern and associations. The Board provides way to direction, through the Chief executive Officer ( CEO ) , to rehearse the best involvements of CIBC. The Board s has a of import function to be played in the duties that are outlined below.Strategic planningThe Board supervises the development of CIBC s strategic way, procedure, program and precedences, reviews Management s knowing program, approves the one-year strategic program and considers direction s reappraisal of emerging tendencies, the combative environment, hazard issues and of import concern patterns and merchandises.Hazard directionThe Board reviews direction studies on stuff hazards related with the CIBC s concerns and operations, the public presentation by direction of systems to pull run into these hazards and material lacks in the role of these systems.Corporate administrationThe Board reviews CIBC s progress to corporate administration, manager independency, the Code of moral rules for Directors and CIBC Code of Conduct for employees.Fiscal informationThe Board reviews CIBC s inner(a) controls depicting the fiscal information, direction studies on stuff defects associating to those controls and the unity of CIBC s fiscal information and systemsCommunicationssThe Board review s CIBC s taken as a self-coloured communications attack, procedure for having stockholder response, stuff alterations to CIBC s revelation guidelines and the communicating construction between the Board and its stakeholders.Board commissionsThe Board set up commissions and their authorizations and requires commission chairs to give away a study to the Board on stuff affairs considered by the commission at the following Board meeting.Director development and rating severally manager participates in CIBC s manager development plan. The Board assess the public presentation of the Board, its commissions and the, its commissions and managersRetrieved from hypertext transfer protocol //www.cibc.com/ca/pdf/about/corp-gov-practices.pdfOrganizational designGeographic DesignIt groups occupations on the footing of district or geographics, here we are speaking about the CIBC, which is the taking bank in Canada and it deals with the people of different geographical parts in Canada. More of the effectual and the efficient intervention of a specific geographic regional issues that by and large arise within the geographic part and serve the demands of alone geographic markets better in this geographic part and the chief things in this sort of design are the duplicate of maps of the subdivision and it can experience isolated from other organisational countries of the bankFunctional DesignA functional construction is a design that groups similar or related occupational fortes together. It is the functional attack to the full organisation.Customer based Design Every organisation would egest it really advantageous to form harmonizing to the types of clients it serves. CIBC is money imparting n service distribution Company that lends money to clients, concern clients, big concerns, and little concerns may occupy up ones mind to establish its primary divisions on these sorts of different markets. It is the forces can so go proficient in the service, run intoing the demands of the Bankss different clients. In this manner, an organisation that offers services like as banking or service may group its workers harmonizing to the types of clients of the bank.Merchandise DesignThe merchandise design is the design which groups the occupations by merchandise line in the system. Each of the directors in the organisation is responsible for an country within the organisational bounds depending on his/her specialisation. This design allows specialisation in peculiar merchandises and services of the banking sector and this design even manages the system by the manner that directors can go experts in their industry and come closer to clients and the negative factor in this is the duplicate of the system s workers maps with a limited position of the organisational endsService designThe CIBC is a client service dependent organisation or the banking sector in which the clients are respected really much and are treated with regard and in this design the directors take care really much of the service offered to the clients.Hybrid designThe CIBC is this sort of the organisation in which the clients are most well-thought-of and the director ordain take attention of the client and the design will be created to cover with each client. Chiefly the undertaking director will cover with the client relation research and best client service.Matrix DesignCIBC organisation finds that none of the mentioned constructions meet their turning demands. The lone attack that attempts to get the better of insufficiencies is the matrix construction, which is the combination of two or more different constructions. Functional design normally is being combined with merchandise groups on a undertaking footing. For illustration, a merchandise or a service group wants to develop a new add-on to its line for this undertaking, it will obtain forces from functional sections such as research, technology, production, and selling. These forces so work under the director of the merc handise group for the continuance of the undertaking, which can change greatly with mention to the completion of the undertaking.Selling channels designThe selling organisation s design straight impacts ability to react rapidly to the alone kineticss of your industry, market place, and corporate aims. Selling organisations see themselves less effectual as they are disconnected from concern they are back uping, they are structured to run into yesterday s demands, or have experienced a talent-decline. Over the clip, the map can acquire apart with the selling cognition of the industry and accomplishment degrees needed by the company, as going distanced from those driving concern in gross revenues, the market and executive direction.Marketing organisation appraisal and designSkill and cognition appraisalsProductivity ratingsJob design/skills demandsMarketing accomplishments developingCapability edificeMarketing executive coachingDepartmentalizationThe environment is complex and unsure. And the lower-level directors are capable and experienced at doing determinations because of their engagements in the systems treatments. As such they get a voice in determinations, their determinations are comparatively minor. Here in the corporate civilization, we see that it is unfastened to directors, leting them to hold a say in what happens in the system with their determinations. The company is geographically dispersed over the peculiar part with a criterion. The effectual execution by the directors for the company s lead depends on directors being involved and their flexibleness to do determinations.hypertext transfer protocol //www.emaytrix.com/mgmt307/section3.php

Effectiveness of Advertising Essay

DEFINITIONAdvertising is the non personal communication of in stageation usually remunerative for and usually persuasive in nature about products, services or ideas by identified sponsors through with(predicate) the various media.MEANINGAdvertising is a form of communication for grocery storeing and subprogramd to encourage or persuade an audience (viewers, readers or listeners any(prenominal)times a specific convocation) to continue or take some new action. Advertising messages are usually paid for by sponsors and viewed via various traditional including mass media such as newspaper, magazines, television, radio, outdoor advertizing or result mail or new media such as blogs, websites or text messages.CONCEPTThe word advertising is derived from the Latin word, adverto ad meaning towards and verto means to turn. literally it means turning countrys attention to a particular or specific thing. Advertisements are sometimes spoken of as the nervous trunk of the business arena. As nervous system is very important in human body so it is vital in business world. Advertising is multidimensional. It bum be viewed as a form of communication, as a comp peerlessnt of an economic system, and as a means of financing the mass media Different kinds of businesses use advertising to motivate different kinds of markets toward different kinds of responsesADVERTISING EFFECTIVENESSThe main actors related to the forte in the advertising activities are consumer, advertisement, product/service, medium, and environment. The advertising effectiveness tail end be studied from the different manifestations of these actors. * Consumers are audience of the advertisement and potential purchasers of the product or service. Many models of consumer behaviour have been developed to bill the advertising effectiveness. For example, in the attitude model in the effects of advertising on consumers can be described as a sequence of stages or steps that begins with an awareness of the exis tence of what is being publicise, through the knowledge on what the product or service has to offer, favourable attitudes, preference everywhere all separate possibilities, and the conviction that the purchase would be wise, and finally culminates in the actual purchase of the product or service.* Advertisement in a traditional sense can square off the consumer behaviour. In new media advertising on the Internet, the advertisement can be influenced by the consumer behaviour as well to manifest the effectiveness. For example, click through rates of banner advertising on the web can be employ to measure its effectiveness. * Product/service represents the motivation of the advertising.Advertising is often employ to try to increase gross revenue of a product or the use of a service, to improve the firms corporate image to persuade plurality that the company is benevolent and trustworthy, or to change peoples behaviour such as anti-smoking. So the advertising effectiveness can be similarly measured through the achievements of the motivation, such as the profit and the provoker value. * Medium is the carrier of the advertising message. The principal media may be classified as newspapers, magazines, radio, TV, orient mail, Internet, outdoor and so on. The first criterion for effectiveness is that sufficient numbers of the target audience should get to see or hear the advertisement, which is just aboutly decided by the nature of the medium.1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDYPREMIER HOME APPLIANCES wanted to know the effectiveness of their advertisement on their nodes in order to improvise their advertising strategies.1.3 PROBLEM DEFINITIONTo adopt the effectiveness of advertisement of premier menage appliances1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY* To find the advertising effectiveness of premier home appliances * To evaluate the influence made by the advertisement on the clients purchase finality. * To find whether the advertisement has reached the customers. * To find whi ch media impact made a huge impact.* To know whether advertisement creates brand identity among customers. * To know whether advertising creates awareness and belief about the product to customers.1.5 HYPOTHESISInspite of having an impressive advertisement they found it to be not convincing.1.6 INDUSTRY composeHome Appliances are that without which a mod home is considered incomp permite, especially in urban areas. We have become so employ to some of the home appliances that it seems grueling to live without them. Indeed, they have made our life more comfortable and easier than ever. In metro cities and big towns, such household appliances are regarded as a boon, as they are instrumental in cutting down the time involved in about of the municipal chores. This is really a great help since people often find it difficult to keep a balance between professional obligation and household needs.HOMEAPPLIANCES PRODUCTS Products such as microwave ovens, juicer- mixer- grinder, fully re flex(a) washing machines, and frost- free refrigerators are the more or less popular category of home appliances. This is because they have made the work of housewives less tiresome and more enjoying. Most of the domestic appliances are useful in various kitchen related jobs and hence are termed as kitchen appliances. Gas stoves, toasters, microwave ovens, mixer & grinders, juicers & blenders, rotti counterbalancers, refrigerators, water purifiers are some of the most common kitchen appliances in India. Besides, there is a category of electronic products that have become an integral part of modern houses. These are air conditioners, fans, manner coolers, room heaters, geysers, electrical irons etc.HOMEAPPLIANCES COMPANIES IN INDIA There are many Home Appliance companies in India like premier, pigieon, butterfly etc. Apart from them there are various international companies alike that deal in domestic appliances. Some of these home appliances manufacturers are Samsung, LG, IFB, Whirlpool, and Kenmore etc. With the arrival of international brands in Indian market, the competition among rival companies has become stiff. Since, a majority of products are electrically operated the focus is on such household appliances that are efficient in causation consumption.HOME APPLIANCES STORESMost of the leading home appliances manufacturers and companies have set up their exclusive retail outlets in important towns and cities of the country. Besides, there are local home appliances suppliers, manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers spread throughout India. Apart from that Home Appliances stores and shops are located in every locality, which let you compare products of different companies before buying and also let you buy all kinds of home appliance products at one place. Some manufacturers also offer after sale service, and if needed, repair the damaged parts of your electronic products. So here you will find the sites of some of the leading Home Appliances manufac turers and suppliers1.7 COMPANY PROFILESivanesan CEO- Sivanesan Group of CompaniesSivanesan group of companies believes in bringing quality products to over customers, right from its inception. No wonder, we have internalized extravagantly standards of quality in over business functions. The results are there for everyone to see in the form of remarkable levels of customer satisfaction and business trustworthiness. Quality isnt something that can be argued in a brochure or promised to a client. It must be there in your product. If it isnt there, the finest sales talk in the world can not act as a substitute. At Sivanesan group of companies we have everlastingly believed in quality of our products, of our workforce, of our processes, of our management and in every aspect of our business relationship. Quality, at Sivanesan group of companies, is never an accident it is always a result of high intentions, sin care effort, intelligent direction and skillful execution. The Sivanesan gr oup is one of Indias largest and most respected business conglomerates in the home appliances sector.Premier the group well established brand founded in 1974 by Sivanesan, CEO of Sivanesan group of companies, since then the group has mentioned firm and impressive escalation. Today the group successfully manages as many as seven full-fledged manufacturing units above and beyond marketing and export divisions. The premier roll of products is crowning almost the entire requirements of a modern kitchen. This can be seeing by the actually that we manufacture over 32 products under the premier brand tree. The most momentous being the spacious reservoir of well trained, highly energized team of over 400 professionals and technicians. In addition to this premiers R&D efforts persistently improve manufacturing methods to deepen the premium placed on its products. Moreover, they have invested valuable time and resource to bring their manufacturing coiffures in line with the most excellent in the world. This includes the installation of the most up-to-date machineries and processes.Premier push sensation cookers come to your after years of research and development and offer the healthiest mode of cooking by conserving vital nutrients, vitamins and energy. Premiers multiple facility system, built in to every one of its cookers, ensures increased safety and reliability in the long run. The aesthetic appeal of the pourlined exteriors and passkey overall design help conservation of precious energy and time through quick, even heating. Underwriters laboratories inc (UL) is an independent not for profit organization, which in its 107-years-old history has employ itself to the cause of safety and quality service. UL is headquartered in the USA and has a network, which spans 89 countries across the globe offering manufactures, the world over unlimited access to the most lucrative markets. As per available estimate approximately 16 billion marks appeared from amongst 18, 000 products in 1999 alone. UL certification symbolizes a commitment to continually offer safer products to customers the world over.Premier cooker has now been accorded this prestigious certification for safety excellence on its cooker. A momentous occasion for the premier group and recognition for the safety standards it has been pursual for over three decades since its inception. The premier range of products covers almost the entire requirement of modern kitchen. With emphasis on quality, safety and product innovation, premier has been able to produce the hearts of the Indian housewives and be reckoned as a leader in the kitchenware market. Today, premier manufactures over 32 products in 97 variations. Premier products are also exported to markets in Europe, west Asia, south east Asia, America, Australia, and Africa. Underwriters laboratories (UL) of USA and bureau of Indian standards (ISI) has certified premiers automatic rice cookers and pressure cookers.Premiers attractive pressure cooker range include a wide verity of material and design options including Aluminum, HARD-ANODIZED, SS copper-bottom and SS sandwich bottom with unmatched durability, performance and style, the premier pressure cooker is rather truly the heart of any modern kitchen. Presented below are the different versions and models of the premiers automatic rice cooker.Among former(a) top selling range from premier are stainless steel copper bottom pressure cooker, mixi, multi-steamer, regular cookware and the LPG stove and many more. All that they are giving is to make cooking the comfortable, safe and economical for the housewives. Now to find out the ultimate safety symbol in kitchenware, look out for premiers pressure cooker. In short, premier one of the premier brands in kitchen appliances, brings to its consumers cooking solutions that are not only considered red-hot. When it comes to standards related to product safety, there is the trust of lakes of premiers customers world ov er they have and the (UL) certification1.8LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY* Time constraint was the biggest limitation. The project had to be completed within 2 months and hence the precedent size had to be lesser.* One problem that every interviewer faces is the willingness of the customers in filling up the questionnaire.* Validity of information obtained from the respondents was a major drawback.1.9 SCOPE OF THE STUDYThis study is expected to identify whether it has reached the target audience and thus, can find the gap that is to be improvised.CHAPTER-IIREVIEW OF LITERATUREAccording to Weilbacher (1984), this ability to jumble all of what one knows about a product or a company together with selected elements from ones life experience is the essence of Creativity in Advertising. The mark or level of Advertising Creativity is definitely related to the Advertising Effectiveness. To assess the effectiveness of advertisements, there have been two streams of research (Jeong, 2004). One stre am of research focuses on the psychological aspects of advertising impact and the other focuses on the sales and market response aspects of advertising effects. Neslin(2002) found that other variables like sales promotion can have a significant influence on the advertising and sales relationship and consider such variables responsible for inconsistent results in previous studies on the effectiveness of advertisements.The behavioral perspective of advertising effectiveness brooks insight into the antecedents of consumer behavior like attitude, recall and brand choice. It, therefore, supersedes in importance than the market and sales response method of advertising this is also more important as it is more consistent with the marketing concept which focuses on the final consumer as a fundamental business philosophy (Ang,Lee & Leong, 2007). Consistent with such views, Lucas and Britt (1963 cited in Kocabiyikolu, 2004) stated quite earlier that the basic purpose of advertising is to pro vide information about the actual receivers of advertisements that are instrumental in the selection of appropriate advertising strategies.This ultimately improves the effectiveness of advertisement and hence will positively affect the market result. The behavioral perspective of advertising effectiveness concerns how people perceive, process, respond to, and use advertising information in making purchase decision about certain product or service (Jeong, 2004). Similarly, attitude as another measure of advertising effectiveness is important because it is related to how consumers evaluate the advertised products.A strong positive attitude towards a product means that the person may buy the brand in future (Wells etal., 2003). As Mitchell and Olson (1981) state that as attitudes are relatively stable and enduring predispositions to behave, they should be useful predictors of consumers behavior towards a product or service. Gresham and Shimp (1985) consider attitude as an try to influ ence consumers choice. Advertising recall is a memorability test that determines how viewers remember something specific about the advertisement and the brand (Wells et al., 2003). Recall can be assisted as well as unaided (Till & Baack, 2005).CHAPTER-IIIRESEARCH METHODOLOGYResearch is a systematic method of finding solutions to problems. It is essentially an investigation, a recording and an analytic thinking of evidence for the purpose of gaining knowledge. According to Clifford woody, research comprises of defining and redefining problem, formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions, collecting, organizing and evaluating selective information, reaching conclusions, testing conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulated hypothesis In other words, research methodology is simply the plan of action for a research which explains in detail how data is to be collected, analyzed and interpretedRESEARCH objectiveThe study is descriptive in nature. Data were collected through questionnaire and processed. Analyzing exploitation various statistical tools like tabulation percentage and relationship chart.TOOLS USEDTo analyses and to bewilder at a conclusion as to how the professional view has changed the environment suitable statistical techniques are to be employed. The research has been done by using following tools.Percentage, Tabulation, Pie chart, Bar chartNo. of respondentsPercentage = - x 100Sample sizePERIOD OF SURVEYThe duration of the study has been for the two months.sampling SIZE For these study 60 consumers where taken as the sample size to collect the detailed dataDATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES1.Primary data2.Secondary dataThe techniques that was used by the researcher for collecting primary data was the questionnaire method. The researcher has used the structure form of the questionnaire with the close us open-end question. The researcher has collected primary data from the respondents and secondary data from post research. Face to face method secondary data was also adopted to have additional information.QUESTIONNAIREQuestionnaire is a special practice to prepare a schedule of questions or a questionnaire for interviewing a person. As such, the set of questions prepared are of two types A set of questions prepared by the interviewer and is asked by the interviewer during an interview is the first kind. It is a set of questions administered by the interviwer in interview. A set of questions prepared by the interviewer and is given to the person being interviewed and change in by the interviwee the person giving interview. In either case, data can be gathered and then analyzed. The two are being used in geography, especially in field work research. There is a kind as well. Some researchers have prepared such schedules of questions of questionnaires , evaluated them and then standardized them as well.

Fotajek

The organizational and financial structure of the Fojtasek companies had been in flux since the flush of 1994. By March 1995, three different financial relationss have been proposed to streamline and restructure the firm an knocked out(p)right acquisition, a lever dated recapitalization, and a hybrid movement called individual(a) IPO. Heritage Partners is interested in taking a stake in the Fojtasek Companies by proposing aPrivate IPO transaction.The paper will snap the health of the Fojtasek companies and the economic benefits gained from Heritage Partners proposal. Through careful calculations, one would recommend the proposed transactions to take place between Heritage and the Fojtasek family. Founded in 1986, Heritage Partners has veritable a business expertise in family companies. Their value-added can be seen in the General Partners, all of whom had successful track records in Private Equity.Of the three elements that tell apart them, the most important is their developm ent of the Private IPO structure. This financial strategy enables majority holding trance reducing estate taxation for the founder and management. For the Fojtasek family, they had been quest potential buyers to restructure their company. Unlike its other product and distribution channel, business in the Baloleum Division has been declining. Additionally, the founder Joe Fojtasek has decided to step down at the age of 73 and hand over his role to his sons.Thus, Fojtasek companies decided to take advantage of the opportunity to radically streamline its structure for future growthbuyout, leveraged recapitalization, or Private IPO. There are two common disadvantages with leveraged buyouts and recapitalizations a higher credit and default risk that comes with having a high leverage, and a possible loss of majority control that can lead to conflicts of interest. From both Fojtaseks and Heritages perspective, it would be optimal to have a hybrid transaction that would lower debt level s while retaining family control of operation.From Heritages perspective, the exchange of securities under a Private IPO, instead of a large cash payout, would not only leave out ambiguities concerning tax obligations but also make financing for the transaction feasible. Moral hazard of family members is essentially reduced as their equity is being tied to the firm. From Fostaseks perspective, the ability to retain family control of the company makes certain that some or all of management would not be replaced. In this sense, the Private IPO transaction does address the information gap, making this hybrid strategy an optimal strategy in this context.

Kroger Company Case Analysis Essay

A. Case AbstractThis is a comprehensive strategic management case that includes the companys financial statements, organization chart, competitor information, and industry trends. suitable internal and external data ar provided to enable students to evaluate current strategies and recommend a three-year strategic cast for the company. The Kroger Company, Inc., with headquarters in Cincinnati, Ohio (513-762-4000), hunt downs all over 2,500 supermarkets, 795 whatchamacallum terminuss, and 436 jewelry stores. The Kroger Company employs approximately 290,000 employees. The company achieved annual r blushues of $56.4 million in fiscal year ending February 2005, compargond to $53.7 million in 2004. Kroger is ranked 19 on the Fortune 500 list and is ranked as the third largest retailer in the world, behind Wal-Mart (1) and the Home Depot (2). The company has been in existence for over one hundred years and is the 1 pure grocery chain in the United States with over 3,770 (including subsidiary businesses) stores in 32 states. Kroger and its subsidiary operations market food, pharmacy, and jewelry products.B. Vision assertion (proposed)Our vision is to be Americas supermarket, and to continue to provide innovation and unparalleled value to our nodes, employees, and sh arholders.C. Mission Statement (actual)Our mission is to be a leader in the distribution and merchandising of food, pharmacy, health and personal care items, seasonal merchandise, and related products and assists.(proposed)1. Provide the freshest food, highest quality products, and particular(a) service to our customers all at reasonable prices 2. Be a leader in the distribution and merchandising of food, pharmacy, health and personal careitems, seasonal merchandise, and related products and services 3. Strive to have a prominent, profitable presence and positive name recognition in all 50 states and the District of Columbia 4. practice the latest and most innovative technology to improve dist ribution, enhance customer service, anticipate customer needs, cut costs, and compete using an arsenal of consumer data 5. interminably review the performance of each and e precise Kroger store, manufacturing facility, employee, and private label product to insure that every element of the company is contributing to its growth and financial efficacy 6. Hold fast to our corporate values of honesty, integrity, respect for others, diversity, safety, and inclusion 7. Uphold the motto of our founder, Be particular. Never sell anything you would not want yourself. 8. Contribute munificently to causes that relieve hunger and provide medicine to the poor and 9. Compensate our employees in a manner that is consistent with the exceptionally high quality of customer service that is expected of them, striving to maintain positive relationships with the labor unions that represent our many associates across the rural area.This mission statement incorporates all aspects of the companys intere sts. The first channelize relates to the fact that Kroger essential differentiate itself on the basis of fresh food, high quality products, and exceptional service. In this respect, Kroger has a strategic advantage, since rivals like Wal-Mart are clear on customer service, and since Kroger manufactures many of its own items, it therefore has more control over quality and prices. The third point is important since Kroger now has a very weak presence on the East Coast. Kroger is missing opportunities by not having grocery stores in places like New Jersey, Maryland, and Florida.The fourth point is supported by Krogers new relationship with dunnhumby, a database management company from the United Kingdom, which is partnering with Kroger to better utilize consumer information to improve sales. This is an overwhelming strength against Wal-Mart, which does not even issue loyalty cards to its customers, and therefore, does not have access to nearly as vast a customer database as Kroger does. Point five is key, since Kroger must have the management dexterity and courage to close underperforming stores, execute make-versus-buy decisions, and implement enterprise-wide changes quickly when necessary.D. Class Discussion Questions and Issues1. Considering Krogers current position in the industry, would you nominate an international expansion strategy? If so, in what international market(s)? How would you suggest entrance with respect to location selections and number of units?Currently, Kroger has no existence in international markets, it would be advisable for Kroger to enter, perhaps Mexico and/or Canada, with a limited number of locations so it can test and strengthen the market at one or twain international arenas. While Wal-Mart seems to exist everywhere, Canada is a promising economy to test 3 to 5 store locations.2. If international expansion is one recommended strategy, discuss the pros and cons of considering hiring exile leadership/management teams.Leading/ operating in international markets reads a thorough cultural understanding of the respective country. Its difficult for expatriates to serve in such a capacity without having a conceptualization of the culture. It is advisable to recruit local leaders from the countries and perhaps examine local operational functions to ensure they are adaptable to business/cultural standards abroad. The use of expatriates can be considered a strength as they are aware of the corporate functions/culture and can operate with minimal direction abroad.3. Discuss cultural diversity/sensitivity management, as it applies to Kroger Company, Inc. How might it differ and what should Kroger consider/incorporate if international expansion efforts are proposed? pagan diversity is critical regarding workforce. Kroger should consider recruiting proposed international market leaders and training them at their headquarters. This would constitute leadership that represents the sociological culture of a respective c ountry coupled with the values/operational functions of headquarters as a endpoint of training, etc.There is more of a buy-in when local cultural leaders are in power, where transfer of objectives would take place much easier.4. Discuss how Kroger can take advantage of the concept of synergy.Kroger operates over 40 manufacturing facilities and should continue to focus on this business to operate the system more lean, where it can achieve optimal operating costs, converting to manufacturing savings and better pricing for consumers relating to corporate brand (55%) goods (www.kroger.com). Moreover, Kroger can arrive at from manufacturing dairy/bakery, etc., goods at a reduced price that it sells in its grocery stores, which can be considered a strategic advantage.5. How can Kroger, if at all, keep competitors at a distance? In your response discuss expansion in the United States, abroad, product line(s), and portfolio management.Kroger should continue to focus on its core business, grocery, by identifying acclivitous markets (population 20,000) and expanding. Additionally, continue to focus on product lines (grocery), with respect to buying power and sales. Incorporate more self-checkout units in stores to cut employee costs. Also, expand the jewelry business into more states and perhaps consider international expansion into Mexico and/or Canada too.6. How effective is the Strategic Growth Plan? Would you change and/or recommend any additions?The growth plan in its current state is worthy however, should include specific language/objectives with respect to international expansion to better compete with rival competitors. The focus should be to operate more lean and expand businesses that are achieving lucrative sales.7. What influence, if any, may consumer purchasing behavior affect an organizations (grocery retail) considerations to transition abroad? enliven discussSpecialty outlets, such as butcher/meat shops, produce and flower outdoor markets, etc. Soc iological factors, such as diet and grocery purchasing frequencies, etc.Kroger should always focus on behavior patterns of consumers one way to monitor this may be by use of a unify card where consumer transactions are able to be recorded and reviewed. This is especially valuable abroad as behavior patterns are obviously different, simply reasonable by physically noticing what is purchased and the quantity also. In Europe, butcher, flower markets, and outdoor produce markets are all highly common, where prices are lower as a result of operating expenses are being trimmed. Moreover, a greater part of the world (Asia and Europe) consumption patterns are minimal compared to the United States. It is common for consumers to visit the grocery store to purchase enough items to store in a shopping basket, as opposed to an average shopping visit in the United States which may require the use of a shopping cart. Obesity factors should be considered too.E. External AuditOpportunities1. Super market sales of drugs grew 6.9% to $27 billion in 2004. 2. Wal-Mart has a large, recruitable low-paid, nonunion workforce. 3. Organic food sales are up 19.5% annually over the last 5 years. 4. Latino shoppers spend $117/week vs. $87/week average on groceries. 5. Hispanic population growth rate = 13% = 4X average.6. Margins for private-label products are 35-45% vs. 27% for national brands. 7. 87% of consumers have tried private-label products.Threats1. Traditional drugstores are focusing on customer service and merchandising. 2. Mail-order pharmacies are the fastest-growing format in the industry (up17.9%). 3. Health plans allow larger supplies of drugs for Mail-order pharmacies. 4. Drug price inflation has led to illegal drug importation. 5. Supercenters are dominating the market share of grocery sales. 6. Wal-Mart is tops in logistics technology.7. Labor costs account for 50% of operating expenses.8. Price pressure was the cause of the Southern atomic number 20 strikes.

“On the Sidewalk Bleeding” by Evan Hunter Essay

In the short story On the Sidewalk Bleeding by Evan Hunter, we learn that the main character of the story, Andy, is struggling to occupy his crown while he lay in an alley bleeding. We also learned that it was very painful for Andy to move, let alone take off the silk jacket, but he did so anyway. The jacket he wore symbolized his belonging to a city gang called The Royals. Andy motiveed to remove his jacket in his last moments because he did not want people to think of him as being just another member of The Royals he wanted to be remembered as Andy. Andy did not want to be visualised as simply another young teenager who was caught up in city gang violence, but as himself and so he tried to remove it. Andy knew that if he died, he would no drawn-out be a Royal, but just simply Andy.While lying in the alleyway, Andy realized that the only terra firma a member of The Guardians, their opposing gang, stabbed him was because of his purple silk jacket that had the words The Royals s titched to the back of it. The words of his attacker continuously repeated in his mind Thats for you Royal Andy knew that the knife that cut through him did not hate Andy, but hated the jacket. Andy realized that the title of being a Royal was no perennial as important to him as it once was.The jacket he had once worn with pride had meant nothing to him, and was the cause of the stabbing that occurred. Andy wondered why he thought the fights, the jumps and the purple jacket were once so important to him. While he was dying, he finally realized that being a Royal was not cost it because he had just wasted his time. Andy suddenly felt as though he had never done anything, seen anything or been anywhere. Although it was painful for Andy to remove the jacket, he did so in his last moments because he had realized how stupid being part of a gang was. Andy struggled to remove his jacket from his backside because he no longer wanted to be part of gang violence. Andy did not want to be a Royal.

OCR Psychology Assignment Essay

The article Fashion companys shock tactics in the fight against size zero appeared on the everyday Mails Website on Tuesday, September 25th 2007.1. AssumptionsThe first psychological assumption is that the use of shock tactics by way of an image word picture a naked anorexic muliebrity will jolt the fashion industry into action over the problem of anorexia. The article suggests that the use of strong devotion appeal will be enough to provoke behavioural change and an awareness of the illness. A fear appeal is a technique used to swing an audience into behaving in a varianceicular way by aro apply a fear of the consequences of not following the message given. The effect of fear appeals was studied by Janis and Feshback (1953).The second psychological assumption is that the fashion industry and the obsession with stick-thin size zero models is to blame for the increase in cases of anorexia. The article therefore suggests that muckle away of the fashion industry perhaps idolise models who appear to be rewarded with fame and fortune for being stick-thin. It assumes people imitate these models behaviour in the hope of being desire them. Research into vicarious learning was conducted by Bandura (1965) who consequently formed the social learning scheme.The third psychological assumption relates to the billboard designers decision to use a picture of a fe mannish anorexic and presumes that the majority, if not all, of anorexic sufferers are female person. A study that explored the prevalence of anorexia among males and females was performed by Kjels et al (2003).2. EvidenceEvidence argue the first assumption was conducted by Janis and Feshback (1953), who studied the motivational effect of fear arousal in health promotion communication. The entire fresh valet class of a Connecticut high school was divided into 4 groups, 3 of which were given 15-minute lectures on tooth decay and oral hygiene, while the fourth acted as the control group. separately lecture h ad a different strength of fear appeal, and results showed that although strong fear resulted in greater immediate anxiety, the nominal fear group showed the largest changes in behaviour. The minimal fear group showed 36% behaviour change, whereas strong fear only showed 8%. This therefore opposes the view of the article that the image of the naked anorexic woman will cause the fashion industry to take action against the illness and, although it will have some effect, a minimal fear approach would be most successful.Evidence that supports the second assumption was provided by Albert Bandura (1965). Bandura showed three groups of children tapes of a man being aggressive towards a doll. The first group saw the man being rewarded for his actions, the second saw him being punished and the third were not shown any consequences. The children were then placed in a room with a equivalent doll and observed. Results of the study showed that children were significantly more likely to imitate aggressive behaviour when they had observed the model being rewarded. Bandura labelled this imitation vicarious leaning.This forms part of the social learning theory suggesting that behaviour is learnt through observation and imitation. This supports the second assumption as people observing models within the fashion industry dish them being rewarded for being thin with fame and fortune, and subsequently imitate their behaviour in order to gain the same rewards. They try to be as thin as the models by starving themselves and consequently become anorexic, as the article would suggest.The evidence that challenges the third assumption is given by Kjelss et al. They studied 1026 female and 934 male adolescents using DSM-IV and DSM-III-R criteria to establish the prevalence of eating disorders in both genders. Each participant was asked to complete a questionnaire, and results showed that while 17.9% of female participants had suffered anorexia at some invest in their lifetime, 6.5% o f males had in addition. The study concludes that although prevalence of anorexia nervosa is higher in females, males are also susceptible to the illness. The image of the female anorexic on the billboard therefore does curt to raise awareness of the illness among men and perpetuates the stereotype that eating disorders are a female disease.3. ApplicationsIn relation to the first assumption, Janis and Feshback would argue that instead of using shock tactics a more effective way of bringing about a change within the industry would be to provide people with culture on the disease, and preventative measures. Leaflets and posters containing this information could be distributed to people within the industry itself, and perhaps to the public in order to provide awareness to the majority. This whitethorn however have little effect, as there is no guarantee that the information would be listened to by an industry out to gain profit.Banduras theory and study suggests that people learn an orexic behaviour from seeing underweight models in the media. on that pointfore, in relation to the second assumption, the number of anorexic cases could be fall by ensuring that no model within the fashion industry is below certain measurements for example, by preventing the use of size zero models. If people are unfastened to healthier-looking models, people may develop healthier eating habits. This however assumes that size 0 models are ill, and could be perceived as discrimination against healthy individuals. There may be resistance against this motion from the fashion industry and models themselves.In relation to the third assumption, Kjelss et als study suggests that males are also susceptible to anorexia. Therefore people need to be made aware of this to increase the perceived susceptibility, especially in males. Health promotion could include information on male anorexia, and contain pictures of male sufferers who are willing to share their stories. If awareness of anorex ia in males is raised and the stereotype of it being a typically female disease scrapped, then the number of males who seek help will increase. However if males do not perceive themselves susceptible they are unlikely to choose to take on the health promotion in the first place as they believe it to be a female disease.

Ethnic literature Essay

The definition of pagan literature is literature like some(prenominal) other, except that it contains ethnic references. (Reilly p. 2). other definition of ethnic literature is when there is a literature work that contain religious article of faiths, racial issues, linguistics, or cultural heritage. In a nonher word, ethnic literature is the literary work that includes particular culture, beliefs, or linguistics distinction. Postcolonial literary theory draws attention in the issue of cultural difference emerging in the society. One of the issues which may often appear during the class discussion is hybridity.It seems that large number who have been faced by the fact that they ar living in a hybrid world tend to be confused by their real status. They realize for their interest, but they quite a little non avoid the possibility graceful in between. Although , they are included into one part, the native part, but on the other hand they shadow not deny the deep feeling to be pleasant considering themselves different with the other. There is a kind of more value they have compared with their surround, and they deem it is worthy to be kept.Of course, this feeling comes into their mind by many reasons. There must be an additional value added into their original culture. The additional value may be in the form of a new ideology, belief or view which are brought by the dominating. The dominated rarely conscious with the usurpation. They usually only feel that it is a natural process which wrench the impact of daily social interaction they are engaged in. Another issue which emerges in postcolonial discussion is close to dominated-dominating one. We can not expect who actually obtain the role as dominating or dominated.The practice may turn over, the dominated may become the dominating in the same cartridge tie downer toward different object, vice versa. We are also introduced by Otherness theory. It makes someone consider that she or he are different from the other, and other people is not the same with her or him. Gadis Tangsi tells a story about a girl life, namely Teyi. She is a Javanese girl who grew up in the Javanese tradition. She lives with his parents and blood relative in tangsi area. She was taught to become an obedient girl by her mother with many limitations as a girl. She helps her mother to sell fried bananas every day.Teyi finds herself limited by some rules which are considered as the justifiedly rules for her mother. She even does not know how love or how to be loved by a man. She was taught to be a polite woman. She finally finds who she is when she is introduced to Putri Parasi by Ndara Tuan Kapten Sarjubehi who has helped her. That is the beginning of her new experience to recognize a new world, the world that she has never imagined before. Putri Parasi teaches her everything to be a good brothel keeper. Putri Parasi likes Teyi for her politeness. She more likes Teyi later being saved when her disease c omes immediately.Putri Parasi expects to teach her how to behave well. She even teaches Teyi to articulate Dutch. Teyi starts to be able to read and write. Putri Parasi really wants to prepare her to be taken to Surakarta Keraton and introduced her to a man who will be married with her. She plans to make Teyi deserve to have a husband from Keraton families. In the novel Gadis Tangsi written by Suparto Brata, we can see some unexpected phenomenon occur. It makes me realize that actually there are still many things covered even by what Javanese people considered as budaya adiluhung.The word politeness, hospitality and dignity which come into people mind when they heard about Javanese culture become blur after they read this novel. Javanese woman who is considered as an obedient woman and become a mercy for whom takes her as a wife may be impress by what Suparto tells about Teyi and Dumilah. He brings them in this novel as representative of Javanese woman character, in different poin t of view. However, the story about them, for me, is further from the stereotype of common Javanese women (may be just a few). The feeling of in between seem to be experienced by Teyi.She starts to know about how the flair the higher status people behave since she meets Putri Parasi. Teyi realizes that her life style is quite different from her, and she is glad when she knows that Putri Parasi does not mind introducing this new culture to her. From this lettered interaction, after she is taught how to behave like putri bangsawan, Teyi starts to consider she has a chance to be the same with them. Even she lives with her parents, she starts to consider that she is better than them. She has been raised from the lower part. She has more federal agency than the people in the house.The very obvious impact of this teaching actually appears when Teyi has been left by Putri Parasi. After she passed away, Teyi become independent from the influence of Putri Parasi. Although, there are stil l some traces of her teaching inside Teyi which reflect in the way she behaves. She seems take the dominating lieu over her husband, Sapardal. Sapardal feeling about his lower position when they have been married becomes the cause of the divorce. Only two days of marriage, and Teyi considers that she has a right to sue divorce, while Sapardal can only keep silent without any comment.In this kindred, Sapardal as a man who actually considered as the dominating take the role as the dominated. He does not feel on the same level with Teyi. He admits that he has no power compared to Teyi. He even has no courage to touch her in their first night of marriage. Here, we can see the role between man and woman has shifted. Brata seems to show us that the role of people in the society is like running on the miserable wheel. The dominating and dominated are only a symbol of someone position, which also can be shifted based on where we are standing.Sapardal may interrupt in maintaining his pos ition as superior in front of Teyi. The cultural change also appears in this novel. Sexual intercourse is not considered as a sacral any longer for almost all the women in this novel. During my reading, I wonder if I read Indonesian culture literary work, especially run to Javanese one. However, Brata wrote the novel using the Indonesian condition in the past, in the colonial occupation. In this situation, it is not easy to determine which one who still hold the original value since the influence of other ideology come into the life in that simple way.The force of a new ideology input is not directly felt in this novel. The indigenous people enjoy the acculturation between the dominated and the dominating. It also happens in the shifting of the way they see intimate intercourse actually is. What we call as a taboo becomes commonly conducted by the people. Teyi is defined as a free woman, even she has been married and becomes a wife of Sapardal, and she breaks the rule by having int ercourse with Ndara Tuan Kapten Sarjubehi. It seems that she wants to take a revenge to Dumilah who is considered had cheated her by having romantic affair with her master.Sapardal can not do anything. He has failed to become a good husband. This sentiment is from his own side. When we look at this phenomenon, again, Teyi proves that she has had a power over a man from her own society. She starts to have a right to consider a man like Sapardal is not at the same level with her. However, in my opinion it will not happen if Sapardal never has the way of thinking. Actually, he has thought that she is great and different from the other woman in his environment before they are married. That makes he has no courage to touch her at their first night.It also makes Teyi feels not being regarding or respecting as a wife. She thinks that Sapardal has no desire toward her, and she thinks that it is better to ask divorce. What a short way of thinking I found that Teyi has put a wrong way of thi nking about what Putri Parasi had taught to her. It seems that she does not consider marriage as a sacral relationship any longer. Love relationship has been considered as a real relationship when we have passion to have sex with our couple. Is that so simple? That is the way Teyi think about love basically.It is shown also when she does not mind to have sex with her ex-master, Ndara Tuan Kapten Sarjubehi, and then she starts to love someone else, Ndara Mas Kus. There is no any guilty feeling. Finally, we can conclude that there are three aspect of postcolonial reading for Gadis Tangsi has been discussed above. First, hybridity appears when Teyi finds herself has involved and being a part of Putri Parasis society, Keraton environment since she has been able to behave and speak like her, so she considers that she is a part of Putri community.While she has that feeling, she still can not avoid other people consideration about her who is only becoming a servant and will not become like them. Second, dominating feeling toward Sapardal comes into her mind. There is dominating-dominated in shifting model between them. It seems a defensive measure for a man who usually considered as the dominating one, while Teyi proves that it can be shifted. Last, Otherness theory also emerges in this novel. After having taught to have stead and behave like Putri Parasi model, Teyi finally considers herself different with other woman in her society.It appears in the way she treats Dumilah who is her old friend. She thinks that Dumilah has no right to become a munci of Ndara Tuan Kapten Sarjubehi because she is not at the same level with her or Ndara. Reference Ashcroft, Bill, et. al. 1946. The Empire Writes Back. London Routledge Barry, Peter. 1824. Beginning Theory. Manchester Manchester University Press Brata, Suparto. 2004. Gadis Tangsi. Jakarta Kompas Reilly, John. 1978. Critical Approaches to Ethnic Literature. London Oxford University Press

Jalan Ampang Muslim Cemetery Essay

Everyone have their own idol. An idol defined as mortal that we admired and respected very much. We proud with his achievement and his attitude towards everyone besides idol can be a good role model to us. The person that we can take them as our example to attend in our life. P.Ramlee is one of artise who successful and achieve many awards in his career. Lets talking to slightly his background first-class honours degree. The real observe of P.Ramlee is Teuku Zakaria Bin Teuku Nyak Puteh. As cognise as P.Ramlee since 1947.He was born in Penang at his grandmothers house on 22nd of March 1929, on the Wednesday morning of Aidilfitri for that year. P.Ramlees father is Teuku Nyak Puteh Bin Teuku Karim who was an immigrant, a sailor from Lhoksemauwe in Acheh, Indonesia while his mothers name was Che Mah Hussein, originated from Kubang Buaya, Seberang Perai, Penang. For our information, P. Ramlee had a step brother who is Sheikh Ali Mohamad who shared a same mother with P.Ramlee, who was Che Mah Hussein. P.Ramlee received his early schooltime at the Malay School in Kampung Jawa and later at the Francis Light School until standard five. He subsequently outrided his education at the Penang Free School.During the Japanese Occupation of Malaya, he was unable to continue with his schooling. In order to make a living, he worked as an office boy at a tine mine. At the same time, he also enrolled at the Japanese Army School and had brief hazard to acquaint himself with the Japanese language and euphony. His hardworking and friendly disposition made him popular with the Japanese soldiers. When man War II ended, P. Ramlee continued his schooling at the Penang Free School, up to standard s steady. He was officious in sports and had a liking for football game and sepak raga in 1939, he represented his school in the football team.Moreover, P. Ramlee had a great love for the arts. He was born with an artistic flair. That was an undeniable fact and it was obvious even i n his early youth. Starting his familiarization in the musical arts at the age of around 13, the Ukelele and fiddle were among the early instruments he took up.He displayed his musical talents with contemporary songs and melodious Keroncong tunes together with his friends. It was through this that he received his first commission from Radio Malaya to entertain at social gatherings and events around Penang.P. Ramlees affinity for singing and music overshadowed his academic studies at school, this is widely attested to by the teachers who taught him. While singing at official functions, P. Ramlee would a great deal be accompanied by a band, such as the Pancaragam Teruna Sekampung (All Kampung Youth Orchestra) and the Bintang Sore. His melodies voice soon became the talk of the town and soon many wanted to know more about his new star, a turn out and pimple faced teenager. Besides became a singer, P.Ramlee also involved in directorate guides.The beggining of this career where when h e was in Singapore, his voice was initially used in background songs for Malay contains. P.Ramlee was also a spit boy and camera assistant. Noticing his interest and affinity for acting, his superiors auditioned him and eventually gave him small parts in films. The first film in which P. Ramlee had a role in was Chinta, released in 1948. Consequently, after acting in some 20 films, P.Ramlee eventually ventured into film direction, with his first effort Penarik Beca which was released in 1955. P.Ramlee is a great blackguard. He can be a singer, actor, composer and a director. His song and his voice very popular in Singapore. He is a abilities guy and a kind man. He loved to help people who asks his help. Although he is a well known guy, he never arrogant with his achievement.Many people liked with his behaviour towards anyone around him. On 1950, P.Ramlee wed a woman who is Junaidah Daeng Harris , daughter of actor, Daeng Harris. Married in the early 50s after the film Bakti, th eir relationship fell apart even though they had a child, Nasir. In February 1955, he get married for the second time with a woman who is Norizan. Unfortunately, his marriage failed for the second time and ended in divorce. mishap in a marriage does not discourage his spirit. Later on, P.Ramlee met a singer named Salmah Ismail whose stage name was Saloma.They got married in November 1961 in Tembeling Road, Singapore. Nevertheless, this third marriage was considered an ideal match because they were so right and competent for each other, even in their duets. Moreover, P.Ramlee had gave many contribution to this country. Even after his death, we celebrate and appreciate his effort, and his achievement. For sure, P.Ramlee in truth deserved to be an idol to everyone. He had prove that, if we have a spirit to successful in our life and give effort on it, for sure, we can make it become a reality. Our teenagers should followed P.Ramlees step. What he doing untill he success in his life. Last but not least, we should remember his duty to our country.

Poisonwood Bible: Analysis of Ruth May

Point/Purpose The classic novel The Poisonwood Bible, by Barbara Kingsolver, features, among her three other sisters and mother, pity may Price, who is the 5 socio-economic class old daughter of high-minded Nathan Price, who has been stationed in the Congo for a mission trip in the name of the Baptist Church in the year 1959, a time when many of the racial biases and attitudes toward Afri hatfuls and women are still prevalent in the US, especi all in ally the Prices theme state of Georgia.These biases and views have rubbed off on Ruth May, who as a young child absorbs and regurgitates all that she hears and experiences, which is why Ruth May represents the ignorance of some Western views towards the customs and general bias towards anyone with an African background. However, as she is integrated into her new society, Ruth May is able to befriend the entirety of the children in the settlement.Quotation/question The biased way that Ruth May has been taught to see her future, alon g with how young and uneducated she is shown when she says, Father says a girls cant go to college because theyll pour water in your shoes, (pg 117). The way that Ruth May talks somewhat her own gender and the Africans is in truth ignorant. Commentary Ruth May has been affected by her surroundings precise dramatically.The way that she thinks about Africans and women in a lesser manner than American men shows makes her situation a perfect example of nature vs.nurture. In this case, Ruth May is a product of her past, and her biased lookout man on life is due to the way that she was brought up in the southern United States, which was a hotbed for racialism in the early to mid-20th century. This state of mind is not permanent, however. Ruth May is just a child, and it is believed that childrens minds are the most moldable, so even though she had a prejudiced mind Ruth May has changed by hanging around the African kids.Ruth May is not only a character, as she could very well be an att empt by the origin to show the biased nature of the south in 1959. Ruth May is an innocent result of her father and other mens prejudice towards women and Africans. proficiency Barbara Kingsolvers method to defining Ruth Mays character is based on her limited vocabulary and grammar knowledge, along with showing how she is a sponge for education.The way that Ruth May is allowed to be indoors the vicinity of conversations that the other girls would normally be futile to listen into shows how it is believed that, since she is just a young child, she is unable of making sense of the more mature topics that may be discussed. And this is true for the most part, as Ruth May mostly just simply files away the information that she may have been privy to. The author shows clearly Ruth Mays age along with her innocence and ability to accept information easily by writing from her point of view in the way that it would be expected a 5-year-old would think and act.

The Three Spirits of Christmas

THE THREE SPIRITS OF CHRISTMAS A Christmas carol written by Charles Dickens is k instantern all(a) over the world, and is in addition translated into many different languages. This horizontal surface is usually t old or so Christmas time. People use it as an allegory to remind individually other the lessons that the three spirits of Christmas apprize Ebenezer crosspatch. First of all, the inclination of the apparition of the three spirits is to take a leak Ebenezer crosspatch the lessons somewhat the true meat of being human, the valuable of from each one individual and the importance of parliamentary law.At the end of the story, the reader can discern that the lessons live within Scrooge until the end. Second, the physical appearances of each spirit all have their own importee and all relate to the theme of A Christmas chant. As the first of the spirit, the touch sensation of Christmas past, appears with a weird figure ( ACC, 23). He does not really like a child, a yo ung person or an old man, not a male or a woman (_ACC, 23). He comes into sight to Scrooge with a holly leaf hold in his hand and a cap under his arm (ACC, _23). He also brings with him the light of truth.He wants to remind Scrooge about his past, about how he was happy with stack around him, enjoyed his life with others, and how he got carried a direction with his business, his money, and the result is that he lost everyone, sightly himself alone in his corner. Through this Spirit, Dickens wants to show the reader the importance of caring for people around. The cutaneous senses of Christmas past represents the memories, and truth. apiece one has to remember their past, and learn to accept the positive and the negative of the past in order to blend a better man, in order to keep the good in each ones mall.The appearance of the second spirit, the shade of Christmas Present represents the Christmas celebration. He appears with many foods around him. His throne was made from all kind of foods. (_ACC, 41-42)_. He takes Scrooge everywhere to show him how Christmas is celebrated all over the world. He give blessings to all people who pass across him. The lesson that he teaches Scrooge is about the generosity, the joys of Christmas, joys of participating in society and the real happiness. He is very strict with Scrooge. He always uses Scrooges own intelligence activity to say against Scrooge.He said that Scrooge is not worthy to live in this world (_ACC, 50). And also the most importance lesson is that he wants Scrooge to know that Ignorance and Want pass on corrupt the society. (ACC, _61) The last spirit, the Ghost of Christmas even so To Come, shows up with a very scary atmosphere. His appearance makes people think of death and the aid of it. He shows Scrooge what entrust happen if Scrooge does not limiting. The spirit teaches him about the fear of death. on that point is reward and punishment for every person in the world. The price that people who l ives in the same way as Scrooge has to pay is very heavy.That is the judgments. All three spirits have the same purpose to teach Scrooge how to be a man in the world. But their appearance and their lesson is different from each other. The first spirit teaches Scrooge to value his past and learn to accept the truth. The second teaches him to sustentation about people and the last one show him the fear of death. All of the three spirit also wants each one individuals in the world now to learn those lessons as Scrooge did and change their life to worthiness to celebrate Christmas in happiness, joy and blessing. TRANSFORMATION OF SCROOGEEbenezer Scrooge is the main character of A Christmas Carol written by Charles Dickens in 1843. At the beginning of the story, Dickens built Scrooge as a nasty, harsh, stingy, and hard-hearted old man. Nobody likes in at all. Dickens built this character as an old man who people really hates in the story but after the visit of the four spirit-Jacob Mar ley, the Ghost of Christmas past, the Ghost of Christmas present, and the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come-he changes his humanity, his social life and also his point of view for Christmas. As the story begins, the readers see an old, cranky man named Ebenezer Scrooge.He is visited by his partner, Marley who died seven years ago. Marley comes to warn him about his lifestyle, to foretell him what will happen in the next three nights. After that, Scrooge is visited by the first spirit, the Ghost of Christmas Past. Through this spirit, Scrooge feels regret about what he did to the boy who sings at his offices doorway in the evening after he comes back to his childhood and feel the loneliness he had. He wishes that he would be nicer to that boy. I wishThere was a boy singing a Christmas Carol at my door last night.I should like to given him something (_ACC, 28) Then after that, he feels that he is not a good boss to his clerk as Old Fezziwig was to him. All of that feeling comes to him at once. He doesnt have the power to render his clerk happy, to make his clerk service light, etc I should like to be able to say a word or two to my clerk just now. (ACC, _33). Go on with the story, he continues to change his personality through the second spirit, the Ghost of Christmas Present. He starts to care about the people around him. First of all, he cares about Tiny Tim, his clerks son.He asks the spirit, with an interest he had never felt before, if Tiny Tim will live or not. (_ACC, 50). And his heart seems to be broken when he heard that Tiny Tim will die. No, noOh no, kind spirit produce he will be spared. (ACC, 50). Until now, when he heard his own cruel word, he is filled with repentance and grief. He is full of shame when hearing those words. After that, the spirit takes him to his nephews house, Fred. He starts to change his social life. He knows that no one can see or hear him but he still enjoys the game with all the people in the room. He has joy and happiness . Uncle Scrooge had imperceptibly get down so gay and light of heart, that he would have pledge the unconscious company in return, and thanked them in an inaudible speech, if the Ghost has given him time. (ACC, _60). Then time goes on, the Ghost of Christmas Present goes away and there, the Ghost of Christmas Yet To Come, the last spirit, appears in front of him. This is the scariest Ghost of the three. He doesnt even speak a word. He comes and shows him what will happen if Scrooge keeps lives in his own way, not care about others. The Ghost shows Scrooge his death and no one is around.Poor people stole his thing and sell them away. The Spirit points to him that ignorance will corrupt the society. Finally, Scrooge understands all of that and promises the spirit that he will honor Christmas in his heart, he will become a good man, people will love him and the three spirit of Christmas will live within him. (_ACC, 78). _ In conclusion, a man always said that Christmas is a humbug no w becomes a good man. Scrooge is better than his word. He now honor Christmas with all his heart. He becomes a caring man, a large-heart and participate in the society.

Women Rights in Islam – Modernizing or Outdated?

Wo hands Rights in Islam Modernizing or overage? Definition accord to the Oxford dictionary, Wo work forces Rights argon the slumps that promote a position of social and legal equality, of wo manpower to men. According to the Oxford dictionary, they be the rights, claimed for the women, equal to those of men, as regards to suffrage that right to vote, as regards to property, etc. Modernizing according to the Oxford dictionary means, to direct modern, to adapt to modern need or habits And according to the Websters dictionary it means to make modern, or to ready a new character or appearance e. . , to pass geniuss ideas In short, modernizing is a accomplish of updating or opting for the betterment of the present status itself It is non the present modern status itself. sewer we modernize ourselves, to master our problems, and to realize a new way of life, for the whole hu service piece of music race? I am non concerned ab tabu the modern ideas, the conclusions and the c ategorical statements made by scientists and inexperienced armchair experts, as how a life should be lived by a char. I am going to base my conclusions and considerations on truth, which clutch be proved by experience.Experience and unbiased factual holistic analysis, are the positive(predicate) test, between the gold of truth, and the glitter of theory. We occupy to check our thinking a amplificationst reality, otherwise m all(prenominal) a times, our psychological process provide go astray Indeed the great brains of mavin time, believed that the world was flat. Women Rights in the double-u If we agree with the Womens rights in Islam as portrayed by the westerly media, you beget no option, just now to agree that the Womens rights in Islam are outdated.The Western talk of womens liberation is actu tot whollyyy a disguised form of exploitation of her form, deprivation of her honor and degradation of her soul. The Western cabaret which speaks of upgrading the status of women in Islam, use up actually reduced her status to concubines, to mistresses, to party butterflies, which are mere tools in the hands of provoke marketers and pleasure seekers, which are disguised behind the colorful screen of art and culture. Women Rights in Islam Islams subject revolutionary support, gave women their due right and status n the days of ignorance 1,400 historic period ago. Islams objective was and continues to be, to modernize our thinking, our living, our seeing, our hearing, our feeling and striving for the womens upliftment and e gentlemancipation in the society. onward I dwell further with the topic, I would want you to make note of a few points. Approximately champion fifth of the worlds population consists of Muslims. There are different Muslim societies around whitethorn be close to Islam, well-nigh may be far away from Islam. The Womens rights in Islam should judge according to the authentic sources, and not what individual Muslims do, or what the Muslim society does. The authentic sources of Islam are the Quran, which is the word of beau ideal, and the authentic hadith, and the traditions of our be approved illusionist ( two-eyed violet be upon him). Quran pull up s recurrences never contradict itself, nor will the authentic hadith contradict itself n any will these two authentic sources, contradict severally other. Sometimes the scholars differ, and many a times, these varietys displace be aloof by analyzing the Quran as a whole, and not just by quoting one busy rime.Because if one cave inicular verse of the Quran is ambiguous many a times the answer is abandoned somewhere else in the Quran Some tribe quote one source and neglect all the other sources. It is the obligation of every Muslim, mannish or fe manlike, to seek the pleasure of beau ideal, and to act as His trustee on this world, and not to try and gain fame or satisfy ones own ego. Islam believes in equality of men and women Equality does not mean identicality In Islam, the role of a man and charr is complimentary, it is not conflicting. It is that of a partnership, it is not contradictory, so as to strive for supremacy.Where Womens rights in Islam is concerned, I fuddle divided it into 6 broad categories. hexad Categories of Women Rights in Islam The first are the Spiritual rights second are the Economical rights third are the companionable rights foursometh are the Educational rights fifth are the Legal rights and last are the Political rights. conjure up is nary(prenominal) the Criteria to Enter Paradise The greatest misconception that the West has about Islam, is that they think Paradise in Islam, is completely meant for the phallic it is not meant for the female person This misconception hindquarters be removed by quoting from Surah Nisa, Ch. none , rhythm nary(prenominal)124, which prescribes, If any of you do deeds of righteousness, whether it be male or a female and has faith, they shall surel y come to Paradise and not the least injustice shall be done to them. A alike(p) thing is iterate in Surah Nahl, Ch. 16, poetry nary(prenominal) 97 which says If any of you perform vertical deeds, be it a man or a char and is a believer, We shall come about you good life and We should reward you for all your good works. Just because in Islam, energize is not the criteria to enter Paradise, will you call such rights in Islam as modernizing or outdated? A. Spiritual Rights of Women in IslamAnother misconception is that, which the Western media has, that, The woman has no soul. In fact, it was in the s heretoforeteenth century, when the Council of wise men, when they ga in that locationd at Rome, and they unanimously agreed that the woman had no soul. In Islam, man and woman take the similar spiritual nature. It is mentioned in Quran, Ch. 4, Verse No. 1, which says that, O human genial fearfulness your Guardian Lord, who has created you from a single person and created like nature his mate. A similar thing is mentioned in Surah Nahl, Ch. 16, Verse No. 72, which says that, We have made for you companions and mates of your own nature.In Surah Al-Shura, Ch. 42, Verse No. 11, it says, He is the one who has created the heavens and the earth and has made for you pairs from among yourselves. Just because the spiritual nature of a man and woman is the akin in Islam, will you call such rights in Islam, as modernizing or outdated? The Quran clear mentions that, God has breathed somewhat of His spirit into the human beings. If you read Surah Hijr, Ch. 15, Verse No. 29, it says, When I have fashioned you in due proportion and have breathed into you something of my spirit, fall you down in obeisance. A similar thing is repeated in the Quran, in Surah Sajdah, Ch. 2, Verse No. 9, which says, Then He fashioned him and breathed into him of His Spirit Here, when God refers to as Something of My Spirit, is breathed into the human beings? E- it does not mean, a sort o f shape or a pantheistic form. It means that Allah has riposten over to every human being something of His spiritual Nature, and the knowledge of God ecclesiastic, and coming closer towards Him. Here it refers to some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) Adam and Eve (may peace be upon them) twain were breathed something of Gods Spirit. Again we read in the Quran, that Allah has appointed the human being as His vicegerent, s His trustee, as is mentioned in Surah Isra, Ch. 17, Verse No. 70, which says, We have honoured the children of Adam and bestowed on them special favours? E note, here all the children of Adam have been honoured, male as well as female. There are some religious scriptures, for exemplification the give-and-take, which puts the blame on Eve for the downfall of humanity. In fact if you read the Quran in Surah Araf, Ch. 7, Verse No. 19 to 27, Adam and Eve (may peace be upon them both) are addressed, much than a xii of times. Both disobeyed God, both aske d for forgiveness, both repented, and both were forgiven.In the Bible, if you read Genesis, Ch. 3, only Eve is held responsible (May peace be upon her) for the downfall of humanity. And according to the doctrine of Original Sin? E because of Eve (may peace be upon her) the whole of humanity is born in sin. Does Pregnancy Uplift the Women or Degrade? If you read the Bible in Genesis, Ch. 3, Verse No. 16, it says that, To the woman He (God) said, I will greatly multiply your discommode in childbearing in disoblige you shall bring forth children, yet your desire shall be for your husband, and he shall rule over you. That means, pregnancy and child birth has been said in the Bible to degrade the women and the application pain is a sort of punishment. In fact if you read the Quran, pregnancy and child birth have uplifted the women. If you read Surah Nisa, Ch. 4, Verse No. 1, it says, Respect the womb that bore you Its mentioned in Surah Luqman, Ch. 31, Verse No. 14, it says, We have enjoined on the human being to be kind to the parents, in travail upon travail did their perplex bore them and in years twain was their weaning. A similar thing is mentioned in Surah Ahqaf, Ch. 46, Verse No. 5, it again repeats, which says, We have enjoined on the human beings to be kind to his parents. To be kind to the parents in pain did their mother bore them, and in pain did she give them birth Pregnancy in the Quran has uplifted the women not degraded her. Just because pregnancy has uplifted the women in Islam will you call such rights in Islam as modernizing or outdated? Criteria in the Sight of God to Judge Male and Female The only criteria for conception in the sight of Allah is Taqwa God consciousness or righteousness It is mentioned in Surah Hujurat, Ch. 49, Verse No. 3 O humankind, We have created you from a single pair of male and female and have divided you into nations and tribes, so that you shall recognize individually other not that you despise each other and the most honored in the sight of God, is the one who is the most righteous. Sex, color, caste, wealth has got no criteria in Islam The only criteria in the sight of God is righteousness nevery is sex the criteria for God to reward or to punish a person. If you read Surah Imran Ch. 3 Verse No. 195 it says I will never suffer the loss of any of you, be it male or female, you are companions unto each other.Equal Moral Duties for work force and Women I had started my talk by quoting a verse from the Quran from Surah Al Ahzab, Ch. 33, Verse No. 35, which says, For Muslim men and Muslim women, for believing men and women, for pricey men and women, for true men and women, for men and women who are patient and constant, for men and women who give in liberality, for men and women who fast and deny themselves, for men and women who rampart their chastity, for men and women who engage much in Gods praise, God has active for them forgiveness and a vast reward.This verse indicates that the spiritual duties, the example duties, for the men and women in Islam are the same Both have to believe, both have to pray, both have to fast, both have to give in charity, etc, etc. and the women has been given certain concession in Islam. If she is undergoing her menstrual period or pregnancy, she does not have to fast She can keep those fasts later on, when she is more healthy. During the menstrual period and during the postnatal period, she needs not pray also she has been given the concession, and neither does she have to compensate it later on.Just because the moral duties of the men and women are equal in Islam will you call such rights in Islam as modernizing or outdated? B. Economical Rights to the Women Islam gave economical rights to the women 1,300 years before the West. An adult Muslim woman can own, she can dispose or disown any of her property without consulting any one, ir keep an eye onive whether she is married or she is single. In 1870, it was the first time in England, that the West recognized the rights of the married woman, where she was allowed to own or dispose any of her property without consultation.I do agree that the women were given their economical rights 1300 years ago these are antiquated rights but the headway is ? Eare they modernizing or outdated Enbsp Women on Job A women in Islam, if she wishes to work she can work There is no text in the Quran or the authentic Hadith which pr up to nowts or makes it prohibited for a woman to do any work, as long as it is not unlawful, as long as it is within the preview of the Muslim Shariah, as long as she maintains her Muslim dress code.But native, she cannot take up jobs, which exhibit her beauty and body Like for example, modeling and snap acting, and such kind of jobs. Many of the callings and jobs which are prohibited for the woman are also prohibited for the man, for example serving alcohol, working in gambling dens, doing any unethical or dishonest business. All these jobs are prohibited for both men and women. A true Moslem society anticipates women to take up profession such as doctors. We do require female Gynecologists, we do require female nurses, we do require female teachers.But, a woman in Islam has got no fiscal financial obligations The financial obligation is laid on the shoulders of the man in the family Therefore she need not work for her livelihood. But in genuine cases, where in that respect are financial crisis in which both the ends do not meet, she has the option of working. Here too, no one can force her to work She works out of her own, absolute renounce will. Financial Security for Women A woman in Islam has been given more financial security, as compared to the man. As I told you earlier, the financial obligation is not put on her shoulder It is put on the shoulder of the man in the family.It is the duty of the fetch or the brother, before she is married and the duty of the husband or the son, subsequently she is married to have a bun in the oven after her lodging, boarding, clothing and financial aspects of her. Compulsory Marital Gift for a Woman When she gets married, she is on the receiving end. She receives a confront she receives a dower or a marital gift, which is called as Meher? E And it is mentioned in the Quran in Surah Nisa, Ch. 4 Verse No. 4 which says, Give to the woman in dower, a marital gift? E For a marriage to solemnize in Islam, Meher? Eis compulsory.But unfortunately in our Muslim society here, we just keep a nominal Meher? Eto satisfy the Quran, say 151 Rupees, or some quite a little give 786 Rupees and they guide lakhs and lakhs of Rupees on the reception, on the decoration, on the flowers, on the lunch parties, on the dinner parties. In Islam, at that place is no lower- jell, nor is there an upper limit for Meher? E- But when a person can spend lakhs of Rupees on the reception, surely the Meher ? Eshould be much more. There are various cultures which have crept into the Muslim societies, specially in the Indo-Pak area. They give a small amount of Meher?Eand they expect the wife to give a fridge, to give a T. V set, they expect the wife to give an apartment, to give a car, etc. , and a large lend of dowry, depending upon the status of the husband. If he is a graduate, they may expect 1 lakh If he is an engineer they may expect 3 lakhs If he is a doctor they may expect 5 lakhs. Demanding dowry from the wife, at a time or indirectly is prohibited in Islam. If the parents of the girl give the girl something out of their own free will, it is accepted But demanding or forcing directly or indirectly, it is prohibited in Islam.No Financial Liabilities If a Woman works, which she does not have to whatever earning she gets, it is absolutely her property. She need not spend on the planetary house if she wants to spend it is her free will. Irrespective how rich the wife is, it is the duty of the husband to give lodging, boarding, clothing an d manifestation after the financial aspects of the wife. In case of divorce or if a wife gets widowed, she is given financial support for the period of Iddah? E- and if she has children, she is also given child support. Right to InheritIslam gave the right to the women to inherit, centuries ago. If you read the Quran in several verses, in Surah Nisa, in Surah Baqarah and in Surah Maidah, it is mentioned that a woman, irrespective she is a wife or she is a mother, or a sis, or a miss, she has a right to inherit. And it has been fixed by God Almighty in the Quran. C. friendly Rights of Women in Islam Broadly it can be categorized into four sub-headings. Social rights given to a daughter, to a wife, to a mother and to a sister. Social Rights to a Daughter Islam prohibits, female infanticide.The cleanup spot of female children is forbidden in Islam. It is mentioned in Surah Taqveem, Ch. 81, Verse No. 8 and 9, when the female child is buried alive and when she chiefs you, for what crime was she killed? E Not only female infanticide has been prohibited, all sorts of infanticides has been prohibited in Islam, whether it be a male child or a female child. It is mention in the Quran in Surah Anam Ch. 6, Verse No. 151 that, Kill not your children for want of dungeon for it is God that will provide sustenance for you and for children?E A similar thing is mentioned in Surah Isra, Ch. 17 Verse No. 31 which says? EKill not your children for want of sustenance, for it is God that will provide sustenance to you and your children, for killing of children is a major sin? E In the pre-Islamic Arabia, whenever a female child was born mostly she was buried alive. Alhamdullillah, after the spread of Islam this evil practice has been discontinued. But unfortunately it still continues in India According to a BBC traverse, in the programe assignment the title of which was Let Her Die?E there was a British reporter by the name of Emily Beckenen, who came all the way from Bri tain to India to give us the statistics of the female infanticide. In that programe, it gives the statistics, that every day more than 3,000 fetuses are being aborted on being identified that they are females. If you multiply this figure by the enactment of days, that is multiplied by 365, you get a figure of more than one million female fetuses are being aborted every year in our demesne. And there are big hoarding and posters in states like Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan, which says spend 500 Rupees and save 5 lakh Rupees.What does it mean? That spend Rupees 500 on medical examination like Aminocententus or Ultra Sonography, and identify the gender of child. If it is a female you can abort it and youll save 5 lakh Rupees How? The couple of lakhs you spend on upbringing her and the remain lakhs of Rupees you spend on giving dowry to the man who will marry her (a custom in India). According to the report of the Government Hospital of Tamil Nadu ? Eout of every 10 female children that are born, four are put to death?E- No wonder the female population in India is less than the male population. Female infanticide was continuing in India since centuries If you analyze the statistics of the 1901 census, for every grand males there were 972 females. According to the 1981 statistics and census, it tells you for every 1000 males you have 934 females. And the latest statistics of 1991 tells you that for every 1000 males you have 927 females. You can analyze that the female ratio is drop every year And since science and medicine has advanced, it has helped in this evil practice.Just because Islam tells you that you should not kill any children whether it be male or female will you call these rights in Islam as modernizing or outdated? Quran not only prohibits female infanticide, it rebukes at the thought of you rejoicing at the birth of a male child and getting saddened at the birth of a female child. In Islam, a daughter should be brought up correctly. In Islam, the re should be no partiality in upbringing of the daughter or the son. According to a Hadith, In the presence of the prophet Muhammad, once a man kissed his son and place him on his lap but did not do the same to his daughter.The Prophet immediately objected and said that you are unjust You should have even kissed your daughter and placed her on the other lap? E Social Rights to Wife All the previous civilizations, they have considered the women to be an instrument of the devil? E The Quran refers to the women as Mohsana? E that is a fortress against the devil? E And if a woman, whos good, marries a man, she prevents him from going on the mal discretion path. Theres a Hadith in which Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) he said that, there is no monasticism in Islam? E. And again according to Sahih Bukhari, raft No. 7, Ch. No. Hadith No 4 it says that the Prophet Muhammad ordained the young men, all those who have the means to marry, they should marry For it will help them to gua rd their gaze and guard their modesty. The Quran says that, We have put love into the patrol wagon of the husband and wife? E If you read Surah Rum, Ch. 30, Verse No. 21 it says that, And amongst our signs We have created for you mates or companions, so that you may dwell in them in tranquillity and we have put love and mercy between your hearts? E According to Surah Nisa, Ch. 4, Verse No. 21, marriage is considered as a punishing agreement, a strong contract.According to Surah Nisa, Ch. 4, Verse No. 19, it says, You are prohibited to inherit women against their will? E- Means, to marry the permission of both the parties are required. It is compulsory that the man and women both should agree to marry. No one not even the father can force their daughter to marry against her wishes. Theres a Hadith in Sahih Bukhari, Volume 7, Book 62, Number 69, which says that a lady she was forced by her father to marry against her wishes? E- And she went to the Prophet and the Prophet invalidate d the marriage? E Another Hadith in Ibn-e-Humbal, Hadith No. 469, it says that a daughter was forced by her father to get married And when the daughter approached the Prophet, the Prophet said you can either continue, or if you wish you can invalidate the marriage. That means, the consent of both the male and the female is required. In Islam, a women is considered as a homemaker She is not considered as a housewife, because she is not married to the house. Many people use terminology, without understanding what it means ? EHousewife? Emeans you are the wife of the house? E So I believe, from now onwards the sisters would prefer calling themselves homemakers?E than house wives? E if they are employed more in the home. In Islam, a woman, she is not married to a master that she should be treat like a slave She is married to it is equal. And there is a Hadith which says in Ibn-Hambal Hadith No 736, 7396. It says that, the most perfect of the believers are those that are best in ch aracter and behavior, and those that are best to their family and their wives? E Islam gives equal rights to the man and woman. Quran clearly mentions that men and women, husband and wife have equal rights in all aspects, except leadership in the family.It is mentioned in the Quran in Surah Baqarah Ch. 2, Verse No. 228. It says that, ? E.. the women have been given rights similar against them (men) on equitable harm but the men have a course higher(prenominal)? E Most of the Muslims have misunderstood this verse, when it says a men have a arcdegree higher? E- As I said we should analyze the Quran as a whole. And its mentioned in Surah Nisa, Ch. 4, Verse No. 34 which says, The men are the protectors and maintainers of the women, for God has given one of them more strength than the other and they give them their means?E People say the word Kawwam? E means, one degree higher in superiority? E- But actually the word Kawwam? Ecomes from the root word Ikamah? E Ikamah? Emeans for examp le when you give the Ikamah before prayers You stand up? E So Ikamah? Emeans to standup so the word Kawwam? Emeans one degree higher in responsibility, not one degree higher in superiority. Even if you read the commentary of Ibne-Kathir? E- He says that the word Kawwam? Emeans one degree higher in responsibility, not one degree higher in superiority.And this responsibility, should be carried out by mutual consent of both husband and wife. It is mentioned in Surah Baqarah, Ch. 2, Verse No. 187, which says, Which means? EYour wives are your garments, and you are their garments? E Whats the objective of garments It is utilise to conceal and to beautify. The husband and wife, should conceal each others faults, and they should beautify each other Its a relationship of hands and gloves. The Quran mentions that, even if you do not like your wife, you should treat her kindly? E It is mentioned in Surah Nisa, Ch. 4, Verse No. 19, that, ?E.. consort with them (your wives) in kindness, f or if you hate them it may reach that you hate a thing wherein God has placed much good. Even if you dislike your wife you have to treat her kindly and with equity Just because the rights of a wife are equal to those of the husband in Islam, will you call such rights in Islam as modernizing or outdated? Social Rights to a bring The only thing above respect to Mother, is the worship of God It is mentioned in Ch. 17, Verse No. 28-29, It says that? EGod has ordained for you, that you worship none but Him, and to be kind to your parents.And if any one or both of them reach old age do not say a word of condescension or repel them but address them with honour, and speak to them with kindness, and lower your wing of humility and pray to God My Lord bless them as they have cherished me in childhood? E Surah Nisa, Ch. No. 4, Verse No. 1 says, Respect the womb that bore you? E Surah Anam, Ch. 6, Verse No. 151, says that, You have to be kind to your parents? E Surah Luqman Ch. 31, Verse N o. 14, says that, We have enjoined on the human beings to be kind to his parents. In travail upon travail, did their mother bore them and in years twain was their weaning?E A similar thing is repeated again in Surah Ahqaf, Ch. 46, Verse No. 15, that? EWe have enjoined on the human beings to be kind to his parents. In pain did their mother bore them and in pain did she give them birth? E Another Hadith related in Sahih Bukhari in Volume 8, Ch. No. 2 Hadith No. 2, as well as in Sahih-Muslim It says that a man asked the Prophet Muhammad? EWho requires the maximum love and respect and my companionship in this world? The Prophet replied ? Eyour mother? Ebr Who is bordering? E ? Eyour mother? Enbsp Who is following(a) E? Eyour mother? EnbspThe man asked for the fourth time, Who is next? Enbsp The Prophet replied your father? E So 75% of the love and respect goes to the mother and 25% of the love and respect goes to the father. Three fourth of the better part of the love and respect go es to the mother ? EOne fourth of the remaining part of the love and respect goes to the father. Social Rights to a Sister According to Surah Tawbah, Ch. 9, Verse No. 71, it says that, The men and the women they are friends of each other? E Prophet Muhammed (may peace be upon him) he said, The women are the Shakat? E-Shakat? Emeans sister?E D. Educational Rights to a Woman The first 5 verses which were revealed in the Quran were from Surah Alaq, or Surah Iqra, Verse No. 1 to 5 which says Read, recite or proclaim in the name of your Lord, Who has created the human beings from a congealed clot of blood (a leech like substance). Read, your Lord is most bountiful. Who has taught the use of the pen. Who has taught the human beings that which he knew-not? E The first guidance given in the Quran to the humankind was not to pray, was not to fast, was not to give charity It was read Islam pays utmost importance to education.Education is Compulsory in Islam According to Quran God will exal t those of you who believe and those who are given knowledge to high degrees. (5811) And say, O my Lord increase me in knowledge. (20114) And whoever is is given knowledge is given indeed abundant wealth. (2269) According to a saying of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) It is indispensable for every Muslim, male or female, to acquire knowledge (Al-Bayhaqi). Imagine, 1400 years ago, when the women were ill treated and were only used as property, Islam asked the women to be educated.Because Islam tells that every woman should be educated, Will you call such womens rights in Islam as modernizing or outdated? E. Legal Rights to a Woman According to the Islamic law, men and women are equal The Islamic Law protects the life and property of a man and woman both. If a man murders a woman he too will receive the capital punishment of Kisaas? E According to the Islamic law of Kisaas? E men and women irrespective the injury be of the eye, of the nose, of the ear, of the body both receive equal puni shment.And if the guardian of the murderer, even it be a woman If she says, that forgive the murderer and she accepts Dia? E that is compensation her opinion cannot be rejected they have to accept it. And if theres difference of opinion between the relatives of the person whose murdered And some say that the murderer should be killed and some say that he should be forgiven and Dia? Enbsp should be accepted people should prevent the relatives from killing that murderer. And irrespective whether the witness or the opinion is given by a man or woman, it has same weight. According to Surah Maida, Ch. , Verse No. 30 It says? EAs to the thief, whether he be man or a woman, cut gain his or her hand as a punishment for his crime, an example from God? E Means, if a person robs, irrespective whether he is a man or a woman his or her hands should be chopped The punishment is the same. According to Surah Nur, Ch. 24, Verse No. 2, it says If any commits fornication, be it a man or a wo man, flog them with 100 stripes? E The punishment for fornication in Islam irrespective whether it is a man or a woman, it is the same Flogging with 100 stripes. The punishment for men and women, is the same in Islam.In Islam a woman is allowed to give witness Imagine, Islam gave right to a woman to be a witness, 14 centuries ago. Even now in as late as 1980, the Jewish Rabai, they were considering that whether the women should be given a right to act as a witness or not And Islam gave that right 1400 years ago. According to Surah Nur, Ch. 24, Verse No. 4, it is said If any of you put a charge against the chastity of a woman, produce 4 witnesses, and if they falter, flog them with 80 stripes? E In Islam for a small crime, you require 2 witness for a big crime you require 4 witnesses.Accusing a woman falsely is a big crime in Islam, therefore you require 4 witnesses. Now a days you see in the modern society, you find men abusing women and calling them all sorts of name. They call them prostitutes etc, and nada is done. In an Islamic state, if a man calls her a prostitute? Ein public or anywhere else, and if she takes that man to court And if that man cannot produce 4 witnesses or even if he produces 4 witnesses and any one of them falter, all of them will receive 80 lashes each, and in future all their evidence will be rejected.Islam gives utmost importance to the chastity of the woman. When a lady marries, she normally adopts the name of her husband. In Islam she has the option of either keeping her husbands name, either adopting the name of the husband, or maintaining her opening name. And maintaining the maiden name is recommended in Islam And we find in several Muslim societies that women, even after they get married they maintain their maiden name, because according to the Islamic law men and women are equal. Will you call such rights in Islam modernizing or outdated? F. Political Rights of a WomanAccording to Surah Tawba, Ch. 9, Verse No. 71, The m en and the women they are friends (supporters) of each other? E Supporters not only Socially even Politically ? EPolitically, men and women should support each other. Women can even take part in law making. And according to the famous Hadith in which Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), he was discussing with the Sahabas, and considering putting an upper limit on the Meher ? E since young men were discouraged from getting married a lady from the back seat she objected and said When the Quran says in Surah Nisa Ch. , Verse No. 20 that? E you can even give a heap of treasure, a heap of gold in Meher? E when Quran puts no limit on Meher? E who is Umar to put a limit (may Allah be pleased with him). And immediately Hazrat Umar (peace be upon him) said? EUmar is wrong and the lady is right? E Imagine, she was a common lady If it would have been a famous lady, the name of the lady would be mentioned in the Hadith. Since the Hadith does not mention the name of the lady, we can u nderstand that the lady was a common lady. Means, even a common lady can object to the Khalifa?E the head of the state. And in technical terms it would be called that ? Eshe is objecting to the breach of the constitution? E- because Quran is the constitution of the Muslims That means a woman can even take part in law making. Women have even taken part in the dispute fields There is a full chapter in the Sahih Bukhari mentioning women in the battle field Women gave water they give first aid to the soldiers. Because the Quran says Man is the protector of the Woman? E Under normal circumstances, the women should not go to the battle field. It is the duty of the man.Only when required, under necessity are women allowed and they should go to the battle field if they want. otherwise youll have the same position as you are having in the USA. Women in USA are Not Safe In USA women were allowed to join the battle since 1901 but they were not allowed to take active part They only playe d the part of a nurse. Later on after the Feminist Movement? Ehad started in 1973, the Feminist movement? Edemanded ? EWhy arent women allowed to take active part in the battle field E/font So the American government allowed women to take active part in the battle field.And according to a report of the Defense Department of America, which was released on the 23rd of April, 1993 it said that, ? E0 people were sexually assaulted in a convention, out of which 83 were women and 117 officers were charged with in disciplinary action? E Imagine in one convention only, 83 women sexually assaulted. What was the crime of those 117 officers? They made the women run and they snatched at their clothes. They made them parade absolutely nude without even covering the genital parts. They were made to have sex in public. Is this what you call Womens rights? EIf you think that this is what is Womens right? E then you can keep your rights to yourselves. We do not want our sisters, our daughters our mo thers to be sexually assaulted. And there was a uproar in the parliament and the President, Bill Clinton he himself had to apologize publicly and he said, Necessary action will be taken? E And you know when politicians say necessary action will be taken, what happens. So Islam allows women to take part in the battle field only when required. But there also they should maintain their Islamic dress and the Islamic ethics, and their modesty.USA Has One of the Highest Rates of Rape United States of America is supposed to be one of the most advanced countries of the world. It also has one of the highest rates of bollocks up in any country in the world. According to a FBI report, in the year 1990, every day on an average 1756 cases of rape were committed in U. S. A alone. Later another report said that on an average effortless 1900 cases of rapes are committed in USA. The year was not mentioned. May be it was 1992 or 1993. May be the Americans got bolder? Ein the following years. Islam ic Law Lets Women Breathe EasilyConsider a scenario where the Islamic law is apply in America. Whenever a man looks at a woman and any brazen or bald-faced thought comes to his mind, he lowers his gaze. Every woman wears the Islamic dress as mentioned in Quran. after(prenominal) this if any man commits rape he is given capital punishment. I ask you, in such a scenario, will the rate of rape in America increase, will it remain the same, or will it precipitate? If Islamic law is implemented in any part of the world, women will breathe easier. Conclusion Before I conclude, Id like to give an example.As I said in the scratch line of my talk, Islam believes in equality between men and women Equality does not mean identicality. Suppose in a classroom 2 scholarly persons, scholar A? Eand B? E during an examination both come out first Both secure 80% marks 80 out of 100. When you analyze the question paper, the question paper has 10 different questions, each carrying 10 marks. In question 1 student A? Egot 9 out of 10, and student B? Egot 7 out of 10 So in question 1 student A? Ewas higher than student B? E In question 2, student A? Egot 7 out of 10 and student B? Egot 9 out of 10 scholar B?Ewas higher than student A? Ein question number 2. In question 3 both of them got 8 out of 10, both were equal. So when we add up the marks of all the ten questions, both student A? Eand B? Egot 80 out of 100. So in short, student A? Eand student B? Eare over all equal. In some questions A? Eis higher than B? E in some questions B? Eis higher than A? E in others both are equal. In the same fashion, taking the example that since God has given man more strength Suppose a thief enters the house will you tell, I believe in womens rights I believe in womens rights?E will you tell your mother, your sister and your daughter, to go and fight the thief E No, but natural youll fight him If required they may interfere Under normal circumstances since God has given you more p hysical strength, you have to go and tackle the thief. So here, in physical strength, man is one degree higher than the woman Let us take another example where it comes to respecting the parents The children are supposed to respect the mother 3 times more than the father (as mentioned earlier).Here the women have one degree higher than the men Over all both equal So Islam believes in equality, not identically Men and women are over all equal in Islam. This was in brief, the highlights, of the Womens Rights in Islam? E After this what the Muslim society did is different Many of the Muslim societies did not give the women their rights and they deviated away from the Quran and the Sunnah.The Western society is largely responsible for this because of the Western societies, many Muslim societies have become over protective, over precautions and have gone to one extreme and deviated away from the Quran and the Sunnah. On the other extreme, some of the Muslim societies turned to the W estern culture, and followed their culture. I want to tell the Western society that if you analyze the womens rights in Islam according to the Quran and the Sunnah you will realize it is modernizing and not outdated.